What do you understand by second messenger?

6
484
pharmacy

The increase of second messengers’ (cAMP, cGMP, Ca2+ etc.) concentration leads to:

a) Inhibition of intracellular protein kinases and protein phosphorylation

b) Proteinkinases activation and protein phosphorylation

c) Blocking of interaction between a receptor and an effector

d) Antagonism with endogenous ligands

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