World Cancer Day: Four in Ten Cancer Cases Preventable-WHO

The World Health Organisation (WHO), in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), has revealed that four out of every ten cancer cases globally could be prevented through effective public health interventions, including early detection, vaccination and improved access to care.

This disclosure comes as the world marks World Cancer Day, observed annually on 4 February, a day dedicated to raising awareness about cancer while promoting prevention, early detection and access to treatment. The theme for this year’s observance, “United by Unique,” emphasises the reality that while cancer affects millions of people worldwide, each person’s experience with the disease is shaped by individual circumstances, health systems and access to care.

Speaking via a press release, the WHO Regional Director for Africa, Dr Mohammed Janabi, described cancer as a developmental challenge that continues to place immense strain on health systems and economies across the continent. According to him, the disease does not only threaten lives but also slows social and economic progress. “Cancer is no longer just a health issue; it is a development issue that weakens health systems and undermines economic growth,” He said.

He noted that the burden of the disease falls disproportionately on people with limited access to early diagnosis, timely treatment and financial protection, leaving many families vulnerable to severe economic hardship.

Dr Janabi stated that the past year has demonstrated what is possible when cancer control becomes a national priority. He said several African countries have made notable progress by expanding HPV vaccination programmes, strengthening cervical cancer screening services, improving access to childhood cancer care, and integrating palliative care into routine health services. “These achievements show that with political will, investment and coordinated action, meaningful progress in cancer control is achievable,” he said.

Despite these gains, he acknowledged that significant gaps remain across the region. Delayed diagnosis continues to be common, service interruptions disrupt continuity of care, and there is a persistent shortage of specialised health workers. Access to radiotherapy, pathology services and essential cancer medicines also remains extremely limited in many settings, while the cost of treatment is still catastrophic for too many families.

He called for urgent action from the governments, development partners and donors, health workers, as well as people living with cancer and survivors, to strengthen collective efforts. “We must act decisively and together to close these gaps and ensure equitable access to cancer prevention, treatment and care for all,” he added.