World Diabetes Day (WDD), commemorated annually on 14 November, serves as a global platform to raise awareness about the far-reaching impact of diabetes and the importance of effective management strategies. This year’s theme, “Diabetes and Wellbeing” highlights the enormous effects of this chronic condition on both the physical and mental health of individuals. For Nigeria, where diabetes prevalence is on the rise, the day highlights the urgent need for collective action to tackle the growing epidemic.
In Nigeria, diabetes has become a critical public health concern. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates that 5.8 million Nigerian adults are living with diabetes, with the vast majority of cases being Type 2 diabetes, a preventable condition often linked to lifestyle factors. Shockingly, many more individuals remain undiagnosed due to the absence of routine screening and widespread ignorance about the disease. The National President of the Diabetes Association of Nigeria (DAN), Dr Ejiofor Ugwu, recently revealed that an estimated 30,000 to 40,000 Nigerians die annually from diabetes. He further noted that two-thirds of diabetes cases in the country are undiagnosed, underscoring the importance of early detection and education.
Rapid urbanisation, unhealthy diets, sedentary lifestyles, and increased stress levels are driving the surge in diabetes cases in Nigeria. Traditional diets once rich in whole grains, vegetables, and local fruits are being replaced by processed, calorie-dense foods laden with sugars and unhealthy fats. This shift, coupled with reduced physical activity, has created fertile ground for a diabetes epidemic, particularly among young people.
Beyond its physical toll, diabetes also poses significant mental and emotional challenges. Managing the disease demands strict adherence to medication schedules, constant blood sugar monitoring, and major lifestyle adjustments, all of which can lead to stress, anxiety, and depression. In a society like Nigeria, where mental health awareness remains limited, this psychological burden is often overlooked, leaving many sufferers without adequate support.
The impact of diabetes extends beyond the individual to families and communities. Caregivers often face emotional strain and financial challenges while supporting loved ones with the disease. In Nigeria’s extended family structure, the ripple effects are deeply felt, highlighting the need for community-wide interventions.
Efforts to combat diabetes in Nigeria have made some headway, but much remains to be done. Public health campaigns led by organisations such as DAN are raising awareness about early detection, prevention, and proper management of diabetes. These initiatives, alongside calls for improved healthcare infrastructure and more affordable treatment, are vital steps forward.
The Nigerian government has also taken steps to address non-communicable diseases like diabetes. The National Strategic Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases, launched in 2019, outlines strategies to improve healthcare access, promote healthy lifestyles, and enhance disease surveillance. However, effective implementation of these policies, particularly in underserved rural areas, remains a significant challenge.
Community-based initiatives offer a beacon of hope. Programmes that encourage physical activity, healthy eating, and routine health check-ups are essential in curbing the rise of diabetes. Collaborations between the government, private sector, and non-governmental organisations can further expand access to affordable care and provide much-needed support for those living with the disease.
As Nigeria marks World Diabetes Day 2024, all stakeholders—government agencies, healthcare providers, civil society, and individuals—must unite to prioritise both the physical and mental wellbeing of those affected. Public health campaigns must be scaled up to promote healthy lifestyles and reduce the stigma surrounding diabetes, while policies must focus on making diabetes care accessible and affordable for all Nigerians.
Diabetes is a formidable challenge, but it is not insurmountable. With concerted efforts, increased awareness, and improved access to care, Nigeria can turn the tide against this growing epidemic. World Diabetes Day serves as a reminder that the fight against diabetes is not just a medical battle—it is a collective mission to safeguard the health and wellbeing of our nation
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