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Prof. Abdulkarim Agunu Passes on

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Information reaching us on Monday revealed that Prof. Abdulkarim Agunu, Dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, died on Sunday, 15 July 2018.

This was also corroborated by the Facebook Page announcement of the President, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai, noting that he was a diligent and God-fearing Pharmacist, and an active member of various organisations before his departure.

Professor of Pharmacy
Prof. Abdulkarim Agunu was the dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin (UNILORIN), before his demise.

He was a member of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria; National Association of Pharmacists in Academia; Nigerian Society of Pharmacognosy and Society for Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research.

It was gathered that the amiable dean had stroke penultimate Sunday and was rushed to the emergency ward of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH). Just when many thought he was gradually recuperating, the professor unfortunately gave up the ghost yesterday.

Reacting to the news, Pharm. N.A.E Mohammed, registrar, Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) described his death as sad.

“When I heard that it was stroke, I was optimistic that he would soon snap out of it. Unfortunately, he didn’t. It is indeed sad,” he said

Pharm. Yakasai also has this to say about him: “It is a personal loss to me. Oh this life! I was with him in March this year.”

“On behalf of all Nigerian pharmacists, I write to condole and console his immediate family, Kwara State pharmacists and all for this great loss of excellent and complete gentleman,” he bemoaned.

According to Quadri Omotesho, president, Pharmaceutical Association of Nigerian Students (PANS), the remains of Late Prof. Agunu is to be confined to mother earth today at the Ilorin Cemetary.

Below is the last interview he granted Pharmanews last year.

Agunu Reveals Smarter Ways to Get to the Top in Pharmacy

Born 50 years ago, Prof. Abdulkarim  Agunu is the incumbent dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin (UNILORIN). In this interview with Adebayo Folorunsho-Francis, Agunu bares his mind on how he got his calling as a pharmacist and why he does not see occupying an elective office in PSN as a priority. Excerpts:

Tell us about your educational background and work experience.

I did my A Level at Maiduguri in present-day Borno State. I got admission into Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) in 1985 and graduated in 1989. I did my internship at Maiduguri Specialist Hospital, Borno State; and my NYSC in Zaria. That was how I stayed back in Zaria, Kaduna, where I worked briefly as a community pharmacist before joining the faculty in 1994. I have been in Zaria to date. Although I am the dean of Pharmaceutical Sciences faculty in UNILORIN, I am still on a leave of absence as I have not fully left ABU.

It appears you still have some emotional attachment to ABU?

Well, that is what you get when you leave a place where you grew up with your mates, family and close friends. That, notwithstanding, I have also enjoyed some level of progress here too.

How did you discover pharmacy as a course?

No, I did not discover Pharmacy; I think Pharmacy discovered me. I had always known that pharmacists were very decent people. I am serious about this. I was just 17 but quite conscious about my immediate surroundings. Right from my contact with the first pharmacist I knew, I have always marveled at their level of professionalism. The way he conducted himself, his neatness, appearance and commitment left a lasting impression on me. His name is A.R. Momodu, an indigene of Maiduguri in Borno State. Although he is still alive, he is old in the practice now.

What is your assessment of pharmacy practice in general?

We are progressing. If you take a look at the modern era of community and industrial practice, you will agree with me that it has advanced, compared to what was obtainable in the past.

In fact, in this era of ICT, you will find out that we are on top of our game. Before, you would find people carrying big books to get references; now you get to read everything on your phone or tablet. Even in hospital or community practice, it is the same everywhere.

What do you see as the greatest challenge facing pharmacy practice today?

Challenges are opportunities. And it is global to all professions. Even policy-makers have identified that if you want healthcare to grow, certain things must play out; otherwise we will be doing things the old way. We agree the number is small but the number does not deny the people their right to do what they are supposed to do. When you consider the court cases won by the PCN and the Pharm D approval by NUC, you will agree that all these evolved as a result of challenges in the practice.

Any chances you may leave academic practice one day?

That is very unlikely because I don’t dilly-dally. I am not a politician. Back then, if I had known what I know now, I would have been a professor before 30 years. I have just realised that there are ways you can get things faster. That was why the PCN registrar said that the first one (pharmacy degree) should be the main focus for a while. If this were to be in the past, those (newly graduated) pharmacists may head towards community practice or simply become medical representatives, where they will have access to quick cash. That is no more an issue. Things are in a better shape.

Any regret so far?

Life has taught me that challenges are what bring out the best in every personality. Regret is certainly not one of them. There was a time I was worried about my work here. It coincided with the day my vice chancellor called me and said ‘Look, I have no regret for appointing you. You have totally transformed the faculty of pharmacy.’

If you do good, people will appreciate you. I was impressed. When I got here initially, I was jittery. Having been on the job for four years, I can say that that was all the encouragement I needed.

What was the biggest challenge to achieving your dream?

As I earlier said, challenges make one to be innovative. Many people believe in me. That aside, I cannot really say that I have big challenges like that because I have supporters. You cannot believe that I have never really had anyone come to my office before to challenge me on why I took a particular decision. No! Instead, I come out of top management meetings happier than I was before. That indeed gives me more confidence that people are watching and believe in me. So I just keep on working.

Is there any chance of you taking a shot at PSN office someday?

PSN? No! I am not a politician, please. PSN is probably all about politics and I have not played politics to that level. That said, I am always involved in PSN activities. I just don’t see it as a priority.

What is your advice to young pharmacists hoping to emulate you?

Of course, I will say they need to get their priorities right and remain focused. Just as you asked me about my regret earlier, I would have loved to be a pharmacist that got to the top very early.

25th Law: Happy Salesman…Happy Customer…Happy Company

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Coming together is a beginning. Keeping together is progress. Working together is success. – Henry Ford

Happiness is the real deal

The last chapter of the book, ‘‘The 25 Unbreakable Laws of Sales’’, talks about happiness. Life’s real purpose is to be happy. Everyone wants happiness. The businessman wants to be happy. The buyer and the seller want to be happy. The lecturer and his students want to be happy. Shareholders of every company want a good business environment in order to be happy.

Brian Tracy- endorsed speaker and training consultant
George O. Emetuche

A responsible government works hard to satisfy citizens so that all the stakeholders will be happy. Happiness is the real deal. I am yet to see someone who sets out to bargain for himself the things that will lead to unhappiness, except in an abnormal situation.

Purpose defines direction

Everyone gathers for a purpose. The salesman has a purpose for working in the first place. He wants to take care of his personal and professional needs; maybe work in a competitive environment that will help him build a successful career in order to meet up with his aspirations.

The company has set goals. The company wants to attain its vision and mission. This is the reason organisations gather the best workforce to help them achieve these goals. The customer’s dream is to be happy. He wants to do business with the company that will guarantee peace of mind. He also wants to get the best deal whenever he buys from the company. The customer wants to buy the best product at the best possible offer from the company that gives him the best deal.  Everyone has a defined purpose and these purposes give direction in business and in personal life.

Accomplishment begets happiness

Humans are rational and emotional beings. Folks act for a reason. Individuals seek to protect themselves wherever they find themselves.  Every man is looking for the best deal that gives a sense of security.

Abraham Maslow’s 1943 Theory of Human Motivation (Hierarchy of Needs) enumerates what motivates a man at different levels of his life and status. Maslow enumerated a five-stage model:

First stage: Biological and physiological needs. These are basic life needs – air, food, clothing and shelter. They are needs for human survival. They are thought to be the most important. They should be met first before any other.

Second stage: Safety needs. They include protection (personal and financial security), health and well-being, order, law, etc.

Third stage: Belongingness and love needs. These are needs for interpersonal relationship. They are: family, affection and relationship.

Fourth stage: Esteem needs. These are needs to feel respected. They includes the need to have self-esteem and self-respect. They are: achievement, status, responsibility, competence, self-confidence, independence and reputation.

Fifth stage: Self-actualisation. This refers to a person’s full potential and the actualisation of that potential. It comprises personal growth and fulfillment.

Maslow believes that when a lower need is satisfied, the next higher stage becomes the new need. Conversely, if the things that satisfy the lower needs are swept away, we are no longer concerned about the maintenance of our higher needs.

This theory is ideal for the thoughts I want to explore here. Everyone has a need to satisfy as I explained earlier. The company has a need. Salesmen have their needs too, same with the customer. The coming together of the stakeholders in any business is to ensure that various needs are attended to.

Successful companies perceive their workforce and customers as assets that are needed if they must get to their destinations. Success in this context is a collective responsibility. The salesman contributes to the success of the company; the business cannot grow without customers and efforts of the salesman. The company also has it as a duty to ensure that all the stakeholders are delighted. This is how everyone becomes happy.

Create an ambience of happiness

No matter the side of the divide you belong, your duty is to ensure that you make other parties happy. Create a happy environment wherever you find yourself. Make this a way of life. Happiness is infectious. Ensure that you carry the aura of happiness everywhere you go. Happiness attracts goodness. People flock around happy people. The happier you are, the more you attract good things around you. Successful people create a happy environment.

Please get the books by George O. Emetuche: The 25 Unbreakable Laws of Sales, The Selling Champion, The Art of Sales, The 11 Irrefutable Principles of Success and Everything is Possible, from: Pharmanews Vendors, Laterna Bookshop, Oko Awo Street, Victoria Island, Unilag Bookshop, Jumia, Vog & Word, Osata Supermarket, Opebi, Ikeja, CSS Bookshop, Broad Street, Lagos, Victory Drugs, Festac, Terra Kulture Bookshop, Tiamu Salvage Crescent, Victoria Island, Bible Wonderland, Alaka, Surulere, Glendora Bookshop, Ikeja Shopping Mall, CIBN Bookshop, Banker’s House, Adeola Hopewell, Victoria Island, Jed Mega Stores, De Palms, Lekki, Hub Mart Outlets, etc.

The Pharmacist as a Life-Saver

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A pharmacist is a healthcare professional licensed to mix, compound, dispense and sell medications to patients. Pharmacists also perform in the capacity to provide patient care by counselling them and providing information on their medications to ensure they use them safely and effectively.

Though the roles of a pharmacist are not limited to the above, it is most essential is to help patients understand everything related to their drugs, as well as improving therapeutic outcome.

The Problem with Polypharmacy
Pharm. Ayodeji Oni

Life-saving interventions are carried out by pharmacists in hospital and community practice on a daily basis to ensure better therapeutic outcome for patients. Some include:

* interpreting prescriptions for proper use of medicine,

* providing advice on storage, interactions with other drugs, food or even lifestyle,

* carrying out extemporaneous preparations of medicines especially for children

* recommending lifestyle changes to help improve management of chronic conditions

* providing advice on how to improve compliance to medicines, for example suggesting pill boxes to those with long term illnesses or advice on swallowing techniques with those who find it difficult to comply as a result of swallowing difficulties.

Profile and professionalism

A licensed pharmacist must be smart, well groomed and polite, ready to serve his or her patients with optimum knowledge on all drug related conditions. They must carry out the basic WWHAMA questioning acronym to ensure a holistic counselling session. They must inquire Who is taking  the drug, What symptoms are being experienced, How long have the symptoms existed, Actions taken from the inception of the symptoms, Medications taken thus far and Allergies the patients have. This helps chart the course for proper advice to ensure therapeutic effectiveness.

Other basic services expected of a pharmacist include proper labelling of medicines to ensure the issue of overdose is averted. Other issues, such as seeking cost-effective alternatives, are the concerns of the pharmacist. For example, the choice of exchanging a high-priced branded antibiotic with a lower priced alternative should be at the discretion of a pharmacist. A pharmacist would provide cost-effective alternatives that have equivalent effectiveness with its brand substitute.

The pharmacist should always provide ample knowledge on medications to patients before they leave the pharmacy. Necessary information includes:

Dosage regimen

Indication

Side-effects

Route of administration

Mode of storage

A pharmacist can equally can carry out services to help check for vital signs to monitor chronic conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure or hyperlipidaemia.

Confidentiality and accessibility

The pharmacist must always engage patients in a well-equipped consulting room. This is especially necessary in community practice and makes the patient more comfortable to explain private health issues for the pharmacist’s intervention. There must also be patient-pharmacist confidentiality that enables the patient give private information without the fear of being embarrassed or exposed to the public.

A pharmacist must be easily accessible.  In cases where too many drugs (more than five prescription drugs) are taken at once by the patient (polypharmacy), the pharmacist can help to carry out medicine use review. This will help the patient escape the risks of drug interaction, adverse drug reactions and improve compliance.

Access to pharmacists has become easier through the introduction of the CareHub App – an online platform, with pharmacists available to answer patients’ entire drug-related concerns on the go. All the patient needs is to simply download the app, register and ask his or her questions. They will be immediately attended to by a professional. Talk about having your pharmacist at your fingertips!

By Pharm. Ayodeji Oni

(Freelancing for Advantage Health Africa)

Open Defecation Attracts Seven Lashes, N200 Fine in Kaduna Community

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As part of commitment to ensure hygienic environment for healthy living, open defecation now attracts seven lashes and N200 fine in Unguwan Damaru in Soba Local Government Area of Kaduna State.

Adda’u Ibrahim, the community’s Chairman of the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Committee, said that in addition to seven lashes and the fine, the offender would also be made to properly dispose the excreta.

Some Nigerians defecating openly

Mr Ibrahim told the correspondent of the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) who was in the community on Thursday to assess the impact of the Phase II of Sanitation, Hygiene and Water in Nigeria (SHAWN) project in the community.

He said that the measure was part of efforts to promote hygiene and prevent outbreak of diseases in the community.

Mr Ibrahim explained that in the past, open defecation and living in filthy environment was part of the day-to-day lives of the over 2,000 people living in the community.

“For us, there was nothing wrong in excreting wherever is convenient for us, from the adult down to our little children. You can do it anywhere as long as you are comfortable; oblivious to the health risks.

“Animal and human faeces became a normal sight all over our community and in addition to our filthy environment, our only source of water was an open well, infested with all kinds of dirt, because it is always left open.

“Running water flow back our excreta into the well during the raining season, and in the dry season the wind also play its part by depositing all kinds of objects and debris into the well.

“With no alternative, we bath, cook and drink from the well that is infested with germs, and this exposed us to preventable diseases, ranging from cholera, diarrhoea, malaria, among others,” he said.

He said that consequently, the community members became regular visitors to hospitals for the treatment of one disease or the other, “and we kept wondering why it was so.

“Little did we know that our poor attitude to environmental sanitation and hygiene was responsible for the constant ailment and numerous deaths being recorded particularly among children under five years,” the committee chairman said.

Mr Ibrahim, however said that the story has changed since 2017 when the community was selected among the beneficiaries of the SHAWN II project.

He said that the SHAWN project has completely transformed their lives, stressing that it had encouraged them to build toilets in their homes, including public toilets.

“The projects equally provided us with a borehole for access to good sources of water and taught us how to keep our environment clean and how to properly wash our hands with soap all the time.

“As a committee saddled with the responsibility of maintaining the SHAWN facilities, we ensure that we clean our environment every three days, and now with 24 hours clean water supply, life has never been this good, “ he said.

Zaitu Mai-Unguwa, a mother of five, said that until the SHAWN project, no fewer than six children every week were being taken to the hospital for one ailment or the other.

“But now, we rarely go to the hospital and the quality of our lives have greatly improved, “she said.

Maliya Abubakar, 13, who was seen fetching water from the borehole described the development as life changing, saying the borehole had saved her from long hours spent fetching water from the well.

“Now I have more hours to play, read my books and do other things, “she said.

The Village Head, Gambo Yusuf, thanked UNICEF, Kaduna State Government and DFID for saving the community from the trap of ignorance and for supporting his people with facilities to live a quality life.

NAN reports that the project is aimed at improving access to sanitation, hygiene and water supply to all citizens through eradication of open defecation, and promoting hand washing, sanitation and provision of potable water.

It is being funded by United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID) and UNICEF with counterpart funding from the state governments of Kaduna, Katsina, Zamfara, Benue, Bauchi and Jigawa.

(NAN)

St Racheal’s Partners HealthPlus on Drug Distribution

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St Racheal’s Pharma, a Nigeria-based pharmaceutical company aligned to the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), has signed a memorandum of understanding with HealthPlus Pharmacy, West Africa’s fastest growing pharmacy chain, to distribute pharmaceutical products in the country.

The signing ceremony, which took place at St Racheal’s corporate office in Lekki Phase 1 area of Lagos on 21 June, 2018, had journalists, as well as directors and management staff of both companies in attendance.

Cross section of participants at the ceremony.

According to a statement signed by both parties, the partnership will span two years at the initial stage with a view to dominate the Nigerian pharma sector. A renewal is expected to take place after.

Among other things, St Racheal’s is expected to upskill HealthPlus staff in the area of soft infrastructure (strategic marketing planning, supply chain management, customer service and corporate co-branding of both Below-The-Line (BTL) and Above-the-Level (ATL) advertising.

Healthplus, on its part, will be committed to procuring pharma products from St Racheal’s, maintaining adequate inventory of St Rachael’s medicines across a network of outlets nationwide, allowing access to a network of other retail outlets for learning and development, as well as allowing access for periodic stock counts and providing regular data.

In his opening remark, Pharm. Akinjide Adeosun, chairman/CEO of St Racheal’s, explained that the signing of the MOU represented a symbiotic and mutual relationship aimed at putting the patient first.

“Access to medicine will be improved in communities where HealthPlus pharmacies are situated across the length and breadth of Nigeria. It will also foster the knowledge-base of healthcare workers who look after patients, with ultimate goal of improvement in treatment outcomes,” he said.

Adeosun also identified low life expectancy of patients and low business longevity as two major challenges plaguing the healthcare industry to date.

“In Nigeria, the life expectancy rate for male is 53 and 56 for years for females. This is largely due to poverty, chronic diseases, inequality in education and poor lifestyle. This is why St Racheal’s is providing bioequivalent drugs at half the price of multinational innovators.

“The objective of our organisation is to tackle these challenges in partnership with critical stakeholders in Africa, in resonance with our quest “to improve life expectancy through availability of top quality affordable drugs in Africa,” he said.

Pharm. Bukky George, in her address, revealed that her relationship with both Pharm. Akinjide Adeosun and his wife, Pharm. Olubamiwo had been on for more than 20 years, adding that the birth of St Racheal’s over a year ago was a milestone in the history of Nigerian pharmaceutical industry.

“I say this because St Racheal’s is a reputable pharmaceutical company with a vision to eradicate diseases in Africa through provision of top quality, affordable and available pharmaceuticals, thereby improving life expectancy of patients.

“The company is also committed to global best practices, one of which is the need to formalise commercial relationships between pharma suppliers and their customers, stating service level agreements, terms and conditions. That is why we are here today,” she noted.

Notable for high quality healthcare and beauty products, Healthplus Pharmacy has received several laurels in the last 10 years, some of which included Nigerian Customer Service Award 2017, ICERITAS Best Buy Award 2017 and the Nigerian Healthcare Excellence Award (NHEA) for 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018.

St Racheal’s, on the other hand, is named after the grandmother of Pharm. Adeosun who died four years ago. The idea of immortalising her, according to the pharma entrepreneur, was due to her entrepreneurial spirit, integrity, steadfastness and other similar virtues she espoused.

Among dignitaries in attendance at the event were Pharm. Ochuko Omaruaye, managing director, New Heights Pharmaceuticals; Mr Taiwo Ajibola, managing director, MDS Logistics and Mrs Olubamiwo Adeosun, director, St Racheal’s Pharma.

AB was started on enalapril because it?

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1 has a valuable role in heart failure

2 lowers blood pressure
3 prevents myocardial infarction

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

NAFDAC Presents Drafted MAS Guidelines to Stakeholders

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The main auditorium of the National Agency for Food and Drug, Administration and Control (NAFDAC) Laboratories Complex, Oshodi, was filled to capacity with key stakeholders on Thursday, as they converged to witness the formal presentation of the drafted guidelines on Mobile Authentication Service (MAS) as well as to discuss improved methods of using the MAS scheme to the benefit of all.

Addressing the audience, Prof. Adeyeye stated that MAS was introduced into the country eight years ago, precisely on 2 February 2010, by NAFDAC as a means of tackling the menace of substandard and falsified medicines in Nigeria.

Formal Presentation of Drafted MAS Guidelines
L-R: Dr Abubakar Jimoh, Director of Special Duties, NAFDAC; National Chairman, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN) Pharm. Samuel O.Adekola; Deputy Director, Food and Drugs Services, Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) Mrs Olubunmi Aribeana;NAFDAC DG, Prof. Moji Adeyeye;Country Director, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), represented by Mrs Chizoba Fashanu; CEO Emzor Pharmaceuticals, Dr Stella Okoli and Registrar, Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) Pharm. N.A.E Mohammed, represented by Pharm. I.B Ahmed, at the formal presentation of the drafted MAS guidelines.

She noted that the MAS scheme provided a platform to empower over 167 million subscribers on the Nigerian Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) to verify the genuineness of the antimalarials, antibiotics and other medicines currently on the scheme.

While the pilot phase of MAS, which was conducted by Sproxil was a success, the NAFDAC DG said other service providers like M-pedigree, UBQ-t, PharmaSecure and Savante Consulting, came on board in the provision of the MAS scheme for the Nigerian populace.

Prof. Adeyeye further noted that although the MAS scheme was a veritable anti-counterfeit tool in the hands of the consumers, which bestowed the direct power of detecting substandard and falsified medicines into the hands of the consumers, it was however fraught with some challenges in the process of implementation.

Cross section of participants at the event.

Going forward, she said the agency is ready to partner with all stakeholders to improve on the presented guidelines, which she described as the first draft of MAS guidelines, for the maximum benefits of stakeholders and consumers.

“While we are hoping to scale-up the scheme to include more drugs, although not every drug will be included, NAFDAC plans to engage manufacturers, pharmacists, MAS providers, pharmaceutical companies, and other stakeholders in the scaling up process of the drafted guidelines for the best outcomes”, she asserted.

The CHAI Country Director, stressed the importance of technology to national development, saying technology moves rapidly, but regulation catches up slowly with technology, and this is not a good development, because the faster national policies move with technology, the better for that nation.

Expressing the support of CHAI to the MAS guidelines, Fashanu stated her displeasure to the performance of MAS in Nigeria, saying “after eight years of its introduction into the country, MAS is under-performing in Nigeria compared to what obtains in other countries”.

She further condemned that act of glossing over some critical issues relating to drugs, adding that “if we don’t get issues relating to drugs right, it has the power to impoverish the national, especially women and children’s health”.

The CHAI Director however gave the agency her word, noting that they are ready to work with NAFDAC in coordinating the MAS scheme beyond anti-malarials and antibiotics, which it has presently.

In her own contribution, Dr Okoli appreciated the NAFDAC DG for such presentation and the opportunity to discuss matter  of common interest in the industry, stating that it is not just enough for people at the helms of affair to form policies, but they must ensure that the policies are doable, straight forward, for the benefits of all.

She however expressed the concern of manufacturers regarding the scheme, saying it is a levy to place manufacturers under MAS, adding that those adulterating their drugs have more sophisticated technology than the manufacturers, thus, asked the NAFDAC DG for the way forward on this?

For the newly elected ACPN National Chairman, he said his members are willing to work with the MAS scheme, provided NAFDAC and MAS providers are ready to rectify the anomalies encountered so far with the scheme.

“There is need for providers to educate consumers further on what to do, when the desirable information is not displayed. We need to engage the patients in counselling and that is where the issue of trust comes in”, he stated.

 

 

Edo First Lady, Community Pharmacists, Walk against Drug Abuse

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In a bid to intensify campaign against all forms of drug abuse, the serene city of Benin, Edo State came alive once again as the First Lady of the state, Chief (Mrs) Betsy Obaseki, joined the President, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN), Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai; the immediate past National Chairman, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), Pharm. (Dr) Albert Kelong Alkali, and hundreds of community pharmacists nationwide to walk against drug abuse.

The ACPN “Walk Against Drug Abuse”, which was part of activities carried out to kick-start the recently held 37th Annual National Conference of ACPN, which was held in Benin, Edo State, started at the venue of the conference and terminated at Airport Road, close to Government House, Benin, Edo State.

Mrs Magdalene Ohenhen, Edo State Commissioner for Women Affairs and Social Development(Left) and PSN President, Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai; addressing members of ACPN, during the rally.

Addressing pressmen during the exercise, the wife of the Governor, Her Excellency, Mrs Betsy Obaseki, who was represented by the Commissioner for Women Affairs and Social Development, Mrs Magdalene Ohenhen, congratulated the ACPN on its 37th Annual National Conference, and noted that the government of Edo State, under the leadership of His Excellency, Mr Godwin Obaseki, was leaving nothing to chance, in its effort to dissuade youths from engaging in drug abuse.

According to her, “the present government has launched several campaigns to show that his administration is ready for war against all forms of drug abuse, adding that it has embarked on series of activities on various platforms and avenues, to ensure that the campaign gets to the nooks and crannies in the state,” she said.

Walk against Drug Abuse
Cross section of participants at the rally.

The first lady added that the youth group is the largest population that is vulnerable in the state as far as drug and alcohol issues are concerned, stressing that their health and optimal development is critical to national development agenda and deserves significant attention. “Hence, the state would not fold its arms and watch the scourge continue”.

Also speaking, the PSN President, Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai, said the body is concerned about the menace of drug abuse in Nigeria and has consistently left no stone unturned to ensure the nation is rid of this potentially catastrophic vice.

Speaking further, the number-one pharmacist in the country noted that the PSN has been engaging different stakeholders on measures and strategies that could be employed to effectively curtail a phenomenon that poses a great challenge to the entire nation, adding that one of such pragmatic engagements was the one-day workshop, organised by the editorial committee of the PSN for a selected group of health journalists in Lagos.

In his own contribution, the immediate past National Chairman, ACPN, Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, disclosed that drug abuse is one of the greatest challenges the country is facing presently, adding that there is no better time than now to start sensitising the younger ones about the dangers inherent in it, as it has become a big menace to the society.

While explaining that the ‘Walk Against Drug Abuse” exercise was organised to inform and enlightened the public about the danger inherent in drug abuse and to kick-start its annual national conference in the state, further implored parents and members of the society, not to stop creating awareness among their children and youths respectively, on the dangers of drug abuse, adding that parents should monitor their children closely if they must effectively tackle drug use in them.

 

 

 

 

 

What do you know about Lorazepam?

8

1 has a sedative effect
2 is used to alleviate anxiety
3 may cause ataxia in AB

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 onlyvv

Atenolol is?

9

1 is a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug
2 is contraindicated in uncontrolled heart failure
3 maximum daily dose is 100 mg

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

Sepsis Remains Leading Cause of Death in Children, Expert Warns

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– As Dortemag holds infectious disease forum

A consultant paediatrician has called on the federal government and stakeholders in the health sector to step up public enlightenment on the severity of sepsis.

Speaking at the 2018 Annual Infectious Diseases forum organised by Dortemag Pharma Limited at Radisson Blu Hotel, GRA Ikeja, Lagos on 27 June, Dr Efunbo Dosekun, chief executive officer, Outreach Women and Children Hospital, described sepsis as a life-threatening complication of an infection.

“Sepsis occurs when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body.

“Today, Sepsis is the biggest killer of children in the world. All forms of disorder, from viral illness, fungi and severe malaria can lead to Sepsis.  It often gets to a point you fear the body doesn’t belong to you again,” she said.

While reiterating that the condition is under-reported in the society, she stated that looking after patients is a collective responsibility.

“People with such condition often show up at the pharmacy with complaints of flu, fever or malaria. The thought of hospital comes up only when the ailment becomes acute.

“Unfortunately, our health sector is plagued by poor funding, misdiagnoses, superstition, poor education and no proper awareness campaign,” she lamented.

Sepsis 2
Dr Efunbo Dosekun, chief executive officer, Outreach Women and Children Hospital; Prof. Fola Tayo, chairman of the occasion and Dr. Oluseyi Adesola, head of medicine department, Mainland Hospital, Lagos.

Also speaking at the event, Dr Oluseyi Adesola, head of medicine department, Mainland Hospital, Lagos, called for empathy from health professionals.

“Some doctors are still living in the past; they think everything they say or do should be accepted without question. That is wrong!

“We need to start engaging patients, explaining what they are passing through and why you are administering a particular course of treatment. We need to come down to their level,” he stressed.

In a related development, Jackson Teh, business development manager (ethical division), Kotra Pharma, Malaysia, has declared that given the range of high quality medicines available to patients across the globe, it is unacceptable for medical professionals to attribute death of any patient to adverse drug reaction.

Teh, a pharmacist, added that unless proven otherwise, pharmacists and doctors are always on the lookout for safe, quality and affordable drugs for their patients.

“From generics to innovator brands, health professionals are open to several options. Therefore, quoting the words of Dr Vladimir Lepakhin, dying from a disease is sometimes unavoidable. But, dying from an adverse drug reaction is totally unacceptable.”

“That said, it must also be noted that long term use of substandard antibiotics or poor storage of antibiotics could lead to bacterial resistance and sometimes, organ damage,” Teh said.

Some dignitaries at the event included Prof. Fola Tayo, chairman of the occasion; Pharm. Oluseye Agboola, chairman, Dortemag Pharma; Pharm. Olabisi Opanuga, director of pharmacy, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH); Pharm. Samuel Ojuoko, director of pharmaceutical service and Mrs Dorcas Agboola, managing director of Dortemag Pharma.

With 36 years of pharmaceutical experience, Kotra Pharma was incorporated in 1982 and initially specialised in distribution of pharmaceutical products throughout Malaysia.

In 1985, Kotra ventured into the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. Since then, it has become a successful and reputable manufacturer and distributor of prescribed and non-prescribed pharmaceutical products.

HIV/AIDS No Longer Death Sentence in Nigeria, say HUGIN, ACPN

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– As 17 pharmacies bag COPA awards

Dr Dorothy Oqua, country director of Howard University Global Initiative Nigeria (HUGIN) and Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, national chairman of Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), have said that the war against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Nigeria will soon be won.

Oqua, while speaking at a programme organised to celebrate and award selected pharmacies in the country that have attained some level of accreditation by the Community Pharmacy Action Centre (COPA), at Rembrandt Hotel, Ikeja, explained that the mandate of HUGIN is to strengthen the capacity of pharmacy systems and pharmacists to provide sustainable and qualitative pharmaceutical care for HIV-infected clients and their families at primary, secondary and tertiary facilities, and communities in Nigeria.

COPA Awards
Dr Dorothy Oqua, country director, HUGIN (Right), presenting an award plaque to Pharm. Iyke Onyechi, managing director, Alpha Pharmacy Nigeria Limited, at the programme.

This mandate, according to her, involves collaborating with community pharmacists, through the ACPN, in states supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). She listed the states to include Lagos, Rivers, Akwa-Ibom, Cross River, as weall as  the Federal Capital Territory.

Speaking further, Oqua noted that the said collaboration is based on a model of differentiated care called “Community Pharmacy ARV Refill Programme (CPARP)”, where stable, willing and able patients are assigned to community pharmacies to receive their Antiretrovirals (ARVs) refill, with semi-annual return to the hospital for clinical and laboratory assessment.

Cross section awardees at the programme.

“The client pays a token to the community pharmacist for the service rendered, but the drugs are free, funded by the US government, and at the end of the day, the client is happy and the community pharmacist is happy, while the hospital is freer. It’s a win-win situation for all,” she said.

Appealing to pharmacists in the country to support the initiative, Oqua said: “I want to encourage all pharmacists, not just those in community practice, to get involved in this project, because HIV/AIDS, presently, is affecting over 3.2 million Nigerians, according to reports. Fortunately, all these people should not have anything to worry about as HIV/AIDs is no longer a death sentence, provided the person is exposed to adequate and proper care. Therefore pharmacists are importantly needed.”

Dr Alkali, in his address, noted that with the intervention programme of HUGIN, in collaboration with ACPN and PCN, Nigeria is definitely on the path to winning the war against HIV/AIDS.

“Over the years, the prevalence of the disease has been going down drastically and by 2030 we hope that we will not be having new cases of HIV infection in the country,” he said.

Speaking further, Alkali explained that the COPA initiative is designed to reposition selected community pharmacies as a models  to influence surrounding pharmacies to brace up to modern and pharmacy best practices, saying it’s a means of improving patients’ outcome by ensuring the rational use of medicines in Nigeria.

He added that HUGIN, in collaboration with ACPN and PCN, rolled out the COPA initiative as the quality assurance and quality improvement model, under the platform of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)-funded Sustainable Financing Initiative (SFI) of the Strengthening Integrated Delivery of HIV/AIDS Services (SIDHAS) project.

Speaking earlier, the National Coordinator of the Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS In Nigeria (NEPWHAN), Mr Victor Omosehin, lauded HUGIN and ACPN for reducing the burden on HIV patients.

The highpoint of the event was the presentation of awards to 17 pharmacies across four states – Lagos (seven), Rivers (four), Cross River (three) and Akwa-Ibom (three).

The awardees who were awarded under the category of COPA 1 included Epilson Pharmacy, Lagos; Drug Consult Pharmacy, Lagos; Mebik Pharmacy, Lagos; Silverline Pharmacy, Lagos; Rozec Pharmacy, Lagos; Barata Pharmacy, Rivers; GottGabe Pharmacy, Rivers; Healthspa Pharmacy, Rivers; Wilson Pharmacy, Rivers; Eagle Eye Pharmacy, Cross River; Joe Manuel Pharmacy, Cross River; Remcare Pharmacy, Cross River; Prolimsa Pharmacy, Akwa-Ibom; One Stop Pharmacy, Akwa-Ibom; and Golden Drugs Pharmacy, Akwa-Ibom State.

Alpha Pharmacy and Victory Drugs Limited, both from Lagos State were awarded under the COPA 3 category.

Other dignitaries at the programme included Pharm. NAE Mohammed, registrar, PCN; Pharm. Iyke Onyechi, managing director, Alpha Pharmacy and Stores Ltd; Pharm. Gbenga Fajemiro, NAFDAC; Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai, president, PSN, who was represented by Pharm. Daniel Orumwese, deputy president, PSN; Pharm. Bolanle Adeniran, chairman, PSN, Lagos State; Pharm. Samuel Adekola; Pharm. Chima Ogbu, among others

HUGIN is a non-governmental organisation saddled with the objective of reducing the burden of HIV/AIDS in targeted areas of Nigeria, through strengthened delivery of high quality comprehensive HIV/AIDS services.

Prof. Bernice Adegbehingbe is our Personality for July

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Professor Bernice Oluwakemi Adegbehingbe is the Medical Director, Victory Life Specialist  Hospitals, a conglomerate of multi-specialty health facilities, in Ile-Ife, Osun State. An indigene of Owo in Ondo State, Adegbehingbe graduated from Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, where she bagged her Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Health Sciences in 1985, and her Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) in 1988.

The erudite scholar further obtained a Diploma in Ophthalmology from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and a Masters in Advanced Ophthalmology from the University of Bristol.

Personality of the Month for July
Professor Bernice Oluwakemi Adegbehingbe

A seasoned ophthalmologist and researcher, Adegbehingbe has published over 60 articles in reputable peer-reviewed international journals, as well as successfully mentoring more than 20 postgraduate doctors, some of whom are already in professorial cadres in their various universities.

In collaboration with fellow researchers across the country, Adegbehingbe has made very remarkable breakthroughs in the provision of more readily available and affordable therapeutic agent from a local plant – Garcinia kola (bitter kola). This anti-glaucoma medication has continued to enjoy increasing patronage throughout the country.

The Professor of Ophthalmology has also impacted the academic community tremendously. She served as the liaison officer (South Western Zone) for the Prevention of Blindness Programme, and coordinator of Prevention of Blindness Programme at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife between 2009 and 2016.

As a further demonstration of her commitment to the provision of affordable healthcare to the average Nigerian, during her tenure as the dean of the Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, she led eminent professors, senior academic staff and other medical specialists to conduct comprehensive free medical screening for over 5000 people across 14 local government areas in Osun State.

Prof. Adegbehingbe is a Fellow of both the West African College of Surgeons and National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria. She is currently an examiner in the postgraduate examinatins of these two colleges.

Adegbehingbe is also a Fellow of the International Council of Ophthalmology and International College of Surgeons. She is a member of American Academy of Ophthalmology; Oxford Ophthalmologic Congress, UK; and Middle East African Congress of Ophthalmology.

The renowned scholar has won many research grants and fellowships both nationally and internationally. She is a reviewer for many of the international peer-reviewed journals.

Prof. Adegbehingbe is happily married to a successful orthopaedic surgeon and blessed with children.

Federal Ministry of Health Gets New Permanent Secretary

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The Federal Ministry of Health has got a new Permanent Secretary, in the person of Mr Abdullahi Abdullaziz Mashi.

Mr Mashi, who resumed in his new office on Monday, addressed  directors and management staff of the Ministry  in Abuja,  stressing  the need to improve on Service delivery at hospitals, particularly, at the Accident and Emergency (A&E) departments, in order to address the current worrisome situation experienced by patients across the country.

Perm. Secretary
L-R :Permanent Secretary, ministry of health, Abdullahi Mashi and Director, Department of Public Health, Evelyn Ngige.

In that regard, Mashi urged the Servicom department of the ministry to occasionally pay unscheduled visits to hospitals to monitor service delivery activities with the aim of ensuring proper work ethics and improving efficiency.

The new Permanent Secretary said, with the high calibre of staff the Health Ministry was endowed with, he was at home and willing to learn quickly in order to acclimatise with his new office. He also sought the cooperation of members of the Labour Union of the Ministry which he said was necessary for a peaceful working environment.

The directors took turn to welcome the new Permanent Secretary and pledged their support and commitment to the success of the Permanent Secretary’s tenure.

Mr. Abdullahi Mashi, an accountant by profession and an indigene of Katsina State, was deployed from the Federal Ministry of Communication.

 

FMoH

GAVI’s Immunisation Support Extension

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The announcement last month that the Global Alliance for Vaccine Initiative (GAVI) has extended its funding support for immunisation in Nigeria until 2028 is, no doubt, a cheering piece of news for the nation.This extension must however only be seen as a great opportunity for the country to finally and properly commence its journey to vaccine security for its teeming population.

The Minister of Health, Prof. Isaac Adewole, who broke the news, revealed that the board of GAVI, the largest global coalition of public and private sectors facilitating accelerated access to vaccines to children living in the world’s poorest countries, had extended the transitional period of vaccine support for Nigeria from 2021 to 2028, at a whopping cost of about 1.03 billion dollars.

Vaccination
Gavi Vaccine Alliance

The extension had followed a plea by the Nigerian government to GAVI for a reconsideration of an earlier 2001 agreement with GAVI, through which the global body had agreed to strengthen immunisation system in Nigeria by supporting the country with the introduction of life-saving vaccines such as Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV), Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) and Pentavalent vaccines, as well as additional support for non-vaccine operations, at a cost of $732,130,326.

This agreement was supposed to end by 2021 but the Nigerian government had appealed to GAVI for an extension, stating that the nation was not ready to bear the financial burden of its immunisation programme. Unsurprisingly, while Nigeria awaited GAVI’s response to its plea, stakeholders in the health sector had been worried about the fate of the various immunisation initiatives in Nigeria after 2021. It was obvious that the nation was clearly incapable of meeting the vaccine needs of its people. There were no funds to buy vaccines for the citizens and no capacity to produce vaccines locally.

It must be noted that given the dicey gridlock in which the country found itself, the federal government’s decision to proactively request GAVI’s continued support, three years ahead of the 2021 deadline, was a judicious one. Yet, the government needs to realise that vaccine provision for its people is no longer just a health issue but a serious security concern.  For the Nigerian nation with its huge population of almost 200 million to depend on external sources for over 80 per cent of its vaccine needs is not just inexcusable but utterly precarious. As the outbreaks of some serious vaccine-preventable conditions in recent times have shown, it is a great indiscretion for any nation – not especially one with vast resources as Nigeria – to be at the mercy of others for its drug or vaccine needs.

It is time Nigeria stopped this beggarly attitude. The federal government must make the most of the GAVI extension period by paying more serious attention to the critical issue of vaccine funding, as well as expediting the process of private-public-partnership and local vaccine production.

The recent inauguration of the board of a private local vaccine company, Biovaccines Nigeria Limited, by the present government, is a step in the right direction towards local vaccine production. However, the government must go beyond inauguration to actually coming up with further initiatives that will consolidate this move towards vaccine security by granting Biovaccines tariff waivers on raw materials and machineries for production. This must be backed by other necessary forms of support to the company.

It   must be equally   emphasised that government’s support for vaccine production must not be limited to Biovaccines. Rather it should begin to encourage and support other companies or organisations desirous of going into vaccine production. It is our view that the nation must be able to produce, at least, 70 per cent of its vaccine needs.  Therefore, the more capable players who are willing to go this direction, the better it will be for the Nigerian nation.

Lastly, while Nigeria must act in tandem with international best practice, there must also be a concerted and well-articulated strategy to develop capacity for local research that will enhance local content sourcing of materials needed for our vaccine production.  We must ensure that the vaccines that will be produced locally are ones that the processes of producing are well thought out and sustainable. The time to start is now.

 

Professor Chinedum Peace Babalola: Prolific Genius of Pharmaceutical Research

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From the earliest of times, there has always been a special class of women who defy all odds to achieve the incredible. In the history of healthcare research and delivery, some names readily come to mind in this regard. There was Elizabeth Blackwell, who was the first woman to obtain a medical degree; there was Florence Nightingale, who revolutionised nursing practice; there was Prof. Dora Akunyili, who rescued the Nigerian pharmaceutical sector from the grip of drug counterfeiters. There was Dr Ameyoh Adadevoh, who, at the risk of her life, formed a bulwark against the spread of Ebola in the country.

Prolific scientist and research
Professor Chinedum Peace Babalola

And, then, there is Professor (Mrs) Chinedum Peace Babalola (nee Anyabuike). Call her “the woman of the firsts”, scholar extraordinaire or highflying innovator and you would not be wrong in any way – because she is all of these and more. Having become a registered pharmacist in 1984, Babalola is one of the first few women to become a professor of pharmacy in Nigeria. Indeed, she was the first female professor of pharmacy at the University of Ibadan. She was the first female dean of the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan. She was the first female pharmacist inducted as Fellow, Nigerian Academy of Science – the highest scientific award in Nigeria. She was the first female Nigerian inducted as Fellow, African Academy of Sciences. And she is currently the vice chancellor of Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Ogun State – the first female pharmacist to attain such position in Nigeria.

Pathway to excellence

Born into the family of Sir Dr Isaac Ebere and late Lady Adeline Anyabuike who hailed from Imo State, Prof. Babalola obtained her Bachelor of Pharmacy degree in 1983, her M.Sc. in 1987 and a PhD in Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Pharmacokinetics option) in 1997 from the University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowo University, OAU). Therefater, she proceeded to the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada for a pre-doctoral fellowship between 1994 and 1995. In 2012, she completed her postgraduate diploma in Advanced Industrial Pharmacy Training (IPAT) jointly from Kilimanjaro School of Pharmacy, Tanzania and Purdue University, USA.

She began her lecturing and research career as a junior trainee fellow, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry in 1985 at OAU. She joined the University of Ibadan in 1998, as a senior lecturer, a year after she received her PhD from OAU. In 2003, Babalola became an associate professor, after which she was promoted to full professor in 2006. She served as the head of department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and director of General Studies Programme where she introduced a new course module – Drugs and Mankind – for all the undergraduate students of Pharmacy.

Not only did she introduce a course component, but she was known as an agent of change. Her innovative acumen propelled her to introduce a number of initiatives, including the malpractice-free processing of examination which the school adopted as post-UTME screening process till date.

Further strides

In 2015, UCH Ibadan appointed Babalola as a specialist/consultant, making her the first pharmacist to be so appointed by any tertiary hospital in Nigeria alongside being an adjunct professor at the College of Medicine, UI. Serving two terms as the seventh dean of Faculty of Pharmacy between 2013 and 2017, Babalola achieved two main agendas, among others. These were the undergraduate curriculum review and the building of a sophisticated laboratory complex for the Faculty.

Babalola’s research interest focuses majorly on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, pharmaceutical analysis, pharmacogenetics and bioethics as tools for studying drug disposition in Nigerians, in order to guide therapeutic optimisation in Africans. Her research has revealed significant drug-drug interactions between antimalarials and antibiotics, with significant reduction in antibiotic levels, which calls for dose adjustment. She and co-authors reported the first pharmacogenetic study in Nigerians (healthy and sickle cell patients). She co-conducted one of the largest pharmacogenetic/pharmacovigilance studies on sulpha drugs in over 1,000 healthy and HIV/AIDS infected Nigerians.

In 2011, Babalola led a multinational/interdisciplinary team, which won the MacArthur Foundation grant (approx. $1 million) to set up Centre for Drug Discovery, Development and Production (CDDDP), UI – first of its kind in Africa – for building the capacity of Africans to make their own medicines, as well as improving access to quality medicines.

Babalola was the principal investigator of the CDDDP; and so it came as no surprise when the Centre was chosen by NEPAD/AMRH as one the 11 centres of excellence in Africa and a number of its medicinal/herbal products ready for NAFDAC registration. In her pursuit to see significant improvement in the Nigerian healthcare system, she developed a novel High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, a technique in analytical chemistry that is used for separating, quantifying, and identifying components in a mixture. This method, used in the analysis of quinine in biometrics, has brought about clarification in the pharmacokinetics of quinine in Africa as well as forming the basis of malaria patent dose optimisation.

Her persistence and unrelenting desire to contribute to humanity and science through her research, alongside Dr Adeboye Adejare of the University of the Sciences in Pennsylvania, propelled her selection for the African Diaspora Initiative in 2014. She currently consults for pharmaceutical industries in the areas of drug quality assessment, bioequivalence and clinical trials.

 

Honours and recognitions

Babalola is a recipient of over 25 fellowships, awards, and grants across the globe. In 2016, she was selected as one of 10 most influential female scientists in Nigeria. She was also selected as the only African member, Strategy Working Group (SWG), joint Committee of International Council for Science (ICSU) and International Social Science Council (ISSC) in France.

Just recently (2018) she was named by Silverbird TV as one of the 16 prominent Nigerian women that have excelled in Science and Research. She also received a merit award from the Association of Lady Pharmacists (ALPS) of Nigeria due to her achievements and contributions to the pharmacy profession. She has over 100 publications (peer-reviewed and abstracts) in reputable journals. She has taught and mentored many students and has supervised over 50 Masters and PhD projects.

Babalola is married to Venerable Collins Olufemi Babalola of Ibadan Anglican Diocese.

Isosorbide dinitrate?

6

1 is used for prophylaxis of angina
2 is metabolised to isosorbide mononitrate
3 can only be administered sublingually

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

Corn: to eat or not to eat?

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Corn (Zea mays, Fam: Poaceae), called maize in Spanish, agbado in Yoruba, oka in Igbo and masara in Hausa, has been a staple crop in South, Central and North America for thousands of years. It is a seasonal crop in Nigeria. Being one of the most popular cereals in the world, it can be consumed in many different forms. Although corn is of many species, the most popular type in Nigeria remains the yellow and white corn. Other colours of corn are purple, red and black.

Constituents

Corn contains high amounts of insoluble fibre; carbohydrates, in form of starch and sugars; vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, C, E and folic acid. Minerals found in corn include iron, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, selenium and potassium.

Corn in different forms

Yellow corn is also a good source of two antioxidants, zeaxanthin and lutein, which are good for eye health. The nutrients may vary in composition and contents, depending on the species of corn. Generally, corn has amazing nutritional benefits. Also, these nutrients can be altered during the processing of maize into other different products.

Preparations

Corn, being popular as a food item, is enjoyed by people in various forms like whole corn, corn flour, cornstarch, corn gluten, corn syrup, cornmeal, corn oil, popcorn, cornflakes, etc. The grains can be cooked, roasted, fried, ground, pounded or crushed to prepare various food items like pap, tuwo, gwate, donkunu and a host of others. All these food types are readily available in various parts of Nigeria among different ethnic groups, notably the Yorubas, Hausas, Ibos, Ibiras, Ishas, Binis, Efiks, Yalas etc.

Uses

Globally, many people rely on corn as a primary source of nutrition. Corn is also used as livestock fodder. Apart from food, corn is also used as an additive, medicine and as raw material for industries.

Corn is processed to make an assortment of products, ranging from high fructose corn syrup to biofuels, all of which play important roles in human society.

Pharmacological actions

Besides helping with weight loss, the insoluble fibre in corn feeds good bacteria in your gut, which aids in digestion and helps give you regular bowel movements. This helps to reduce the risk of haemorrhoids and colorectal cancer.

Clinical studies in Japan have shown that purple corn could be a great ally in the fight against diabetes and obesity; a purple corn extract increases the activity of a gene that regulates the function of fat cells.

Studies have shown that yellow corn is rich in the carotenoid lutein which has antioxidant properties that can lower the risk of age-related vision loss, as well as preventing the cognitive decline which leads to Alzheimer’s disease.

Corn is a rich source of a phenolic compound and ferulic acid, an anti-cancer agent which has been shown to be effective in fighting tumours in breast cancer and liver cancer.

It has been widely reported that various species of corn contain compounds that prevent anaemia and constipation, promote good skin and eye care, delay aging process, help to manage noninsulin dependent diabetes, protect against hypertension and help in combating cancer.

 

Adverse effects

Allergy, increased blood sugar, bloating, indigestion, intestinal irritation, diarrhoea, tooth decay, osteoporosis, weight gain and lethargy have been associated with eating corn in excess.

Conclusion

Corn has great food, nutritional, medicinal, industrial and economic values. In spite of some adverse effects noted, corn, if consumed in moderation, will do more good than harm.

You’re One in a Lifetime – Be Yourself

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Do you know that just like your fingers, your tongue has its own unique print, which is different from anyone else’s in the world? DNA profiling has revealed that there is one individual in a trillion people. Studies have shown that all human beings are unique.

Be yourself and stop copying and competing with others. However, no matter how hard you try to change your personality, you can’t. A sound Congolese adage says, “Wood may remain ten years in the water, but it will never become a crocodile.”

The Seven Secrets of Amazing Health
Pharm. Sesan Kareem

You are the only person in the whole world that has your distinct attributes. So, you should stand out and not blend in. A copycat adapts himself to the world while an original adapts the world to himself. Be thyself.

Originality is derived from the root word original. The word original itself has its ancestry from the Latin word ořigō meaning to arise or be born. Originality is the quality of being new and interesting in a way that is different from anything that has existed before. Personally, I define originality as origin plus acceptability. This implies accepting your social and family background.

Your origin is your ancestry, your foundation, your source and where you sprang forth from. God has launched you where you are; it is your personal responsibility to launch yourself and your heritage to the world.

In construction, the higher a building will be, the deeper the foundation. In agriculture, the deeper the root, the huger the tree is. This truism signifies that the more you know about your personality, the better you can take the optimum advantage of your one shot at life.

The creator of man has fashioned him and placed him where He wants him to be. We had no power to determine the family we were born into, we just found ourselves in that family and it is left for us to accept it and be proud of the family or act otherwise.

A myriad of people are not contented with the family they automatically found themselves in. They wish it should have been a better family than what they see in terms of wealth, power, influence and other values. They are disturbed so much about this issue that, if possible, they would have changed their family, but it is not.

Sometimes, life could be quite unfair. Right from infancy, life throws challenges at us! Some have both parents, while others have lost one or both quite early in life. Some have a humble background while some have it all rosy. We really do not have choices where life places us.

This is the more reason we must endeavour to wise up to life early and accept our origin, in order to be able to remain on top of situations. The earlier, the better – if not in our teenage years, then in our early adulthood. We must challenge life equally by accepting who we are, our family background and deciding to make it better than the way we met it. Thus, the future of our lives and our families is in our hands; we can make it better not only for ourselves but also for our unborn generations.

A number of people spend their entire lives trying to change the way they were fashioned. American poet E.E. Cummings said, “To be nobody but yourself, in a world which is doing its best, day and night, to make you everybody else ‒ means to fight the hardest battle which any human being can fight and never stop fighting.” The greatest tragedy that can strike an individual is to fail to accept his origin and not be original.

The curious paradox is that when you are authentic, you can never be a shadow. All good things, which exist, are the fruit of originality. Note that the original remains intact after the photocopy might have become faded.

It will do you much good, if you absolutely accept where God fixed you in life and work diligently to make the optimum use of the position. Then, your story can be an inspiration to others beyond our generation.

You are number one. No one else in this world can be you, because you are unique, special and one in a lifetime. You are invaluable, inestimable, important, significant and useful to the world. Be original. Be yourself.

ACTION PLAN: Introduce yourself by yourself to yourself. Accept who you are. Be proud of who you are. Believe in yourself. Celebrate your uniqueness.

AFFIRMATION: I am unique, special and one in a lifetime. I am blessed and highly favoured.

NAFDAC Set To Regulate Circulation of Alcoholic Drinks

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The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) says it will put necessary measures in place to control influx of unregistered alcoholic drinks into Nigerian markets.

The Director-General of NAFDAC, Mojisola Adeyeye, stated this in a statement in Abuja on Sunday. “Efforts are being made by NAFDAC to control such products by holding back on further registration of alcohol in such packaging,’’ she said.

Says ban on codeine production and importation is temporal
Director General of NAFDAC, Prof. Moji Adeyeye

Prof.  Adeyeye explained that this was part of her submissions at the just concluded 41st session of Codex Alimentarious Commission (CAC) in Rome, Italy.

The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) is an intergovernmental body with over 180 members, within the framework of the Joint Food Standards Programme established by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organisation (WHO).

It was established to protect the health of consumers and ensure fair practices in the food trade. It promotes coordination of all food standards work undertaken by international governmental and non-governmental organisations.

“Alcohol is available in sachets in Nigeria and these products are dangerous to children due to ease of accessibility.

“Harmful use of alcohol is a major obstacle to sustainable development. It has an impact on the health and well-being of the drinkers and their friends, family, colleagues. And it can damage the social and economic fabric of the society.”

The NAFDAC boss stated that harmful use of alcohol was a causal factor in more than 200 diseases and injury conditions affecting maternal health and child development.

According to her, it is also the cause of some non-communicable diseases and conditions such as cancer, adding that a drunkard could easily turn violent on the road and cause an accident.

The NAFDAC boss explained that there was the tendency for drunkards to engage in unprotected sexual activities which could predispose him or her to infectious diseases such as TB and HIV/AIDS.

Prof.  Adeyeye described Codex Alimentarius as a collection of internationally adopted food standards and related texts presented in a uniform manner.

She said that these food standards and related texts were aimed at protecting consumers’ health and ensuring fair practices in the food trade.

“This is consistent with the mandate of NAFDAC which include; to regulate and control importation, exportation, manufacture, advertisement, distribution, sale and use of food among others.”

(NAN)

Adekola Wins ACPN National Chairmanship Election

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Pharm. Samuel Oluwaoromipin Adekola, former national vice-chairman, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), has emerged the winner of the ACPN National Chairmanship Election held, Friday, 6  July 2018, during the association’s Annual General Meeting at the SIO Event Centre, Benin City, Edo State, beating his opponent, Pharm. Chima Ogbu with a total of 292 to 288 votes.

According to the results announced by the Chairman, ACPN Electoral body, Pharm. Yunusa Mohid Nasir, a fellow of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, the total number of 580 delegates were accredited and participated in the election, with Pharm. Adekola, a community pharmacist from Akure, Ondo State, polling 292 votes to edge his closest opponent, Pharm. Chima Ogbu, from Rivers State, who polled 288 votes. The latter was declared the winner and presented with the certificate of office, having garnered the highest votes.

L-R: Prince Chris Nebe, managing director, Pharmatex Industries Nigeria Limited; Sen. (Pharm.) Mathew Urhoghide, chairman, Senate Committee on Public Account; Pharm. Samuel Adekola, newly sworn in ACPN national chairman; Dr UNO Uwaga, chairman, ACPN Board of Trustees; And Pharm. (Dr) Albert Kelong Alkali, immediate past national chairman, ACPN, after the swearing- in ceremony.

The electoral body chairman also announced Pharm. Sunday Ike, a community pharmacist from Abuja, and former chairman, ACPN, Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, the winner of the national publicity secretary post with 331 votes, beating his opponent, Pharm. Babatunde Samuel, popularly known as ‘BABSAM’,  from Ilorin, and former chairman, ACPN, Kwara State, with 244 votes.

Speaking further, the respected pharmacist, noted that out of the available seven slots, the remaining five, which were national vice-chairman; national secretary; national assistant secretary; national treasurer, and national financial secretary, were contested unopposed.

According to him, Pharm. Abosede Idowu, and Pharm. Wuyeb Nankap, the national secretary, and national assistant secretary respectively, were returned unopposed, while Pharm. (Rev.) Dan Ajayi, national vice-chairman; Pharm. Ashore Omokhafe, financial secretary; and Pharm. Ambrose Eze, national treasurer, contested unopposed and were declared winners of the election.

Speaking during his acceptance speech, the newly elected National Chairman, ACPN, Pharm. Samuel Adekola, gave thanks to God for granting him success in the election, however, he appealed to aggrieved members of the association to bury the hatchet, noting that any crack would be detrimental to ACPN and community pharmacy practice in the country.

“As I dedicate this success to all community pharmacists in the country who trusted and believe in my ability to lead this association, I want to say I am truly blessed and humbled by this divine favour, while I especially appreciate my campaign team members, who stood by me through the darkest moments of this exercise, you have remained my pillar of strength. I would not have been able to do this without their untiring support and advice” he said.

The high point of the event was the presentation of certificate and swearing in of the new members of the executive which was conducted by the Chief Judge of Edo State, Justice Esohe Frances Ikponmwen, who was represented by Hon. Justice Anthony. N Erhabor, who was assisted by Sen. (Pharm) Mathew Urhoghide, chairman, Senate Committee on Public Account, and Pharm. (Dr) Albert Kelong Alkali, outgoing chairman, ACPN

 

Bumetanide is a (an)?

9

A thiazide diuretic
B loop diuretic
C potassium-sparing diuretic
D aldosterone antagonist
E osmotic diuretic

Know Where You Belong

8

I had a friend named Clifford some years ago and I enjoyed his company because he was good at telling stories.  On one occasion, he told me that he was the best in his class in the secondary school and actually had alphas in the West African School Certificate exams in the seventies. He was so good in arts and science subjects that he found it difficult to decide what to study in the university.

Eventually, he entered the University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowo University) Ile-Ife to study Mechanical Engineering. After the second year, he felt he had made a wrong choice of course. With his excellent scores in the arts subjects, he was able to migrate to the Faculty of Arts and led his class in the BA (English, Special Honours). He made Second Class Honours (Upper Division).

 

Pharm. Ifeanyi Atueyi

With his sound academic qualification, he was quickly offered employment by Shell, in the Personnel Department. According to him, there was nothing he lacked in Shell.  He was given a very good salary with allowances, as well as a house and a car. After working for Shell for a few years, he resigned and got into the West African Examination Council (WAEC) to have time for further studies, according to him.

While at WAEC, he registered for MBA at the University of Lagos. The course opened his eyes to opportunities in business. Thereafter, he resigned from WAEC and established the business of buying and selling books at Yaba. We actually met for the first time when I sauntered into that bookshop to look for a book written by John Maxwell. When I realised that he passed through the “Great Ife”, my alma mater, we became friends immediately and he told me nearly everything about his life.

The next time I went there to pick up another book, someone else emerged as the owner and told me that Clifford had handed over the business to him. I was surprised and just phoned him immediately to know what had happened. He informed me that everything was all right but he had discovered his love for computers. He said he had secured a place at the Computer Village, Ikeja, and the business was exciting and profitable. He regretted spending some years at Ife and even working for Shell and WAEC. According to him, he should have studied Computer Engineering in the University and gone into computer business a long time ago.

Clifford is one of those people who are blessed with many abilities. They have the intelligence and capability to do many things and believe they can do everything. But the truth is that nobody was born to do everything. Nobody was created to solve all human problems.

Just think of some people who have become famous and you will realise that they focused on a specific area of service to humanity. Focusing and concentrating on a specific area makes you an expert or specialist. Think of people like Marie Curie, Chinua Achebe, Dr Myles Munroe, Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg and so on. These people concentrated on one or two gift areas to become successful. Even if you are multi-talented, you have to decide which talents to stir up to serve humanity.

God gives talents to people in different measures. Some people may have many talents and therefore capable of doing many things. When these gifts are not well managed, it can cause such people to be ineffective. In the attempt to use all their gifts, they fail to develop any of them to become successful. For such people, there is need to focus on specific gifts and develop them.

No one was created to be a “jack-of-all-trades and master of none”. Some gifts can cause distraction from your vision and you end up not excelling in any area. It is nearly impossible to distinguish yourself in many fields at the same time. However, some geniuses have tried to do so to a limited extent. You must decide to concentrate on related gifts to make an impact on society.

One of my friends used to quote from Philippians 4:13 which says, “I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me”. But I always retort, “Yes, all things which Christ has asked you to do.” Those things God created you to do, He will surely give you the enablement and provide the resources to achieve them in order to fulfill the purpose of your creation. But for those things you took upon yourself to do, you are on your own.

Blockchain Technology and the Health Industry

25

Since Satoshi Nakamoto (pseudonym) first published a paper titled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” in 2008, the blockchain technology behind his concept has continued to gain reputation and acceptance. Bitcoin is the first and most controversial application of blockchain which has generated multibillion-dollar worth of anonymous transactions. Blockchain has been termed as “new internet” by many people and has, no doubt, been a tech buzz word for the past few years. Transparency and trust aptly describe the technology underlying the fabric of bitcoin. Blockchain technology is a consensus distributed ledger for digital transactions. In lay man’s terms, think of blockchain as a database that is shared and saved on several computers in which any addition or changes in the content of the stored information will require the verification and approval of everyone involved in the changes. This is explained by bitcoin’s three main design components which are: distributed network, shared ledger and digital transactions.

Wider application

Beyond financial transaction application of blockchain in bitcoin, the technology has some unique features and strengths that give credence to its application in diverse sectors such as agriculture, governance, legal system, voting system, land use/real estate, smart contracts, database and record management, and value chain.

Adebisi Adenipekun

Notable among these features are the fact that the technology is immutable, reliable, secured and transparent. Prior to the invention of blockchain, third parties, such as banks, were saddled with the responsibility of managing risks associated with financial transactions but through blockchain, these risks can be eliminated without a third party.

However, while the elimination third party is a unique selling point for blockchain, it is also the main source of controversy and resistance to adoption by government, policy makers and regulatory agencies.

Relevance to healthcare

The healthcare systems of developing countries have lots of gaps that translate to poor health indices and outcomes. The implication of these deficiencies on labour force and economy is huge and calls for pragmatic interventions.

Inefficiency and corruption in the sector can be better managed if a tested and proven technology, such as blockchain, can be applied to solve the healthcare-related challenges. For instance, blockchain technology is being currently deployed to solve Electronic Medical Records (EMR) challenges. At the moment, many health institutions do not have updated digital health records of their patients and where the records exist, they do in isolation. This implies that the medical records of a patient in University College Hospital in Ibadan, for instance, is not accessible, real time, to the patient or healthcare providers in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital in Zaria, should the patient travel there and require healthcare services.

Having EMR on a blockchain backend can ensure data integrity and security. Since the information is not stored ne a single computer in a single location, it is practically not feasible to alter records or lose records due to deliberate sabotage or disasters such as fire outbreak.

Assurance of quality medical records will, no doubt, reduce preventable deaths in accidents and emergencies, and improve the management of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Supply chain management of medicines, medical equipment and allied products is another viable application of blockchain technology in healthcare system. The issue of counterfeit and substandard drugs in Nigeria has been a source of concern for health policy actors because of its huge implications on health outcomes. The strengths of blockchain technology in terms of immutability, distributed ledger and reliability are the exact antidotes to the weaknesses of the supply chain of medicines in Nigeria.

At the moment, the country still largely depends on imported medicines, distributed through an unfortunate and chaotic drug distribution system. Counterfeit medicines clandestinely get introduced to the supply chain of medicines and unsuspecting consumers purchase these medicines to their peril. With blockchain technology, pharmaceutical companies can create a niche for their brands by ensuring that their products’ details are logged into blockchain and their progression across the supply chain is made available to consumers in a user-friendly manner. With this, the demand side of counterfeit medicines will be blocked and immutable technology will replace unethical human practices that keep a few criminals wealthy at the expense of innocent citizens.

Applications of blockchain technology are evolving and the use in cases discussed above are at different stages of development, ranging from ideation to piloting to actual scale-up of technology development. There are also some questions about cost of building the technology and how it integrates with other existing infrastructure in country.

Parameters that need to be monitored to assess outcomes of therapy include?

9

1 urine output
2 blood glucose monitoring
3 thyroid function tests

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

Signs which indicate that the diabetes in CA is uncontrolled include?

6

1 infected sores
2 reduced skin turgor
3 tremor

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

20th AHAPN Annual Scientific Conference Holds in Port Harcourt

0

 

The 20th Annual National Scientific Conference of the Association of Hospital and Administrative Pharmacists of Nigeria (AHAPN) is billed to hold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, from 30 July to 3 August 2018.

 

2018 AHAPN Conference Banner

 

Themed : ” Viable Drug Revolving Fund for Sustainable Medicines Availability and National Security”, the conference will be graced by the Governor of Rivers State, Nyesom Wike, under the chairmanship of Dr Nelson U.O Uwaga, and the keynote speaker is Pharm.(Mrs) Margaret O.Obono, director pharmacy, National Orthopaedic Hospital, Igbobi, Lagos.

 

Adamu Becomes the New Medical Director of FMC Keffi

1

President Muhammadu Buhari has approved the appointment of Yahaya Adamu as Medical Director (MD) Federal Medical Centre Keffi, Nasarawa State.

Information on the appointment was in a statement by Olajide Oshundun, the Assistant Director, Media and Public Relations, Federal Ministry of Health, on Tuesday in Abuja.

Mr Oshundun stated that Mr Adamu’s four-year term appointment was with effect from May 7, 2018.

Entrance to FMC Keffi

He noted that the Minister of State for Health, Osagie Ehanire, had congratulated Mr Adamu and charged him to work hard to ensure that the hospital continued to provide quality healthcare.

He added that the minister also advised the new medical director to strive to improve on the past achievements and leave his mark on the annals of the institution.

Mr Ehanire further advised Mr Adamu to justify the confidence reposed in him by working with stakeholders to ensure industrial harmony and in support of federal government’s change agenda.

 

(NAN)

D.S Wali’s Birthday Anniversary Lecture Set to Hold in Kaduna

0

The Fourth in the series of lectures in honour of Pharm. (Mall.) Dahiru Suleiman Wali, popularly known as D.S Wali, is scheduled for Monday, 23 July 2018, in the main Auditorium of the Arewa House, Kaduna by 10:00 am.

D.S Wali’s Birthday Anniversary Lecture Set to Hold in Kaduna
Pharm. D.S Wali

It will be recalled that the first lecture was delivered by Professor Umar Usman Pateh, a member of the Book Project Committee, and the then Dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ABU, Zaria, on the 80th birthday of Pharm. D.S Wali, on 23 July 2015.

Thereafter, the second and the third editions of the lectures were successfully held in Kaduna and were delivered by Professor Haruna Abdu Kaita, Pharmacist and Vice-Chancellor of Federal University, Dutsen-Ma, Katsina State, and Professor Magaji Garba, Pharmacist and Vice-Chancellor, Federal University, Gusau, Zamfara State, respectively.

The 2018 edition of the birthday anniversary lecture series would be delivered by Professor Ezzeldin  Mukhtar Abdurahman with the title:-“The Role of Pharmacists in the Campaign Against Drug Abuse”.

Prof. Abdurahman, a pharmacist and academic was Vice-Chancellor continuously for ten years; first in Kaduna State University (KASU), Kaduna (2006 -2011) and Bauchi State University (BASU), Gadau, Bauchi State (2012-2016).

The chairman of the occasion will be Professor Abdullahi Mustspha, the immediate past Vice -Chancellor, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Zaria.

Chairman of the Book Project Committee, Prof. Ahmed Tijjani Mora, and members including Professor Ibrahim Adamu Yakasai; Pharm. Ahmed Gana Mohammed; Pharm Aliyu Jibrin, Secretary and other well wishers congratulate and rejoice with Mall. Wali on his 83rd birthday anniversary in advance.

By Prof. Ahmed Tijjani Mora.

World Hepatitis Day – Promoting Awareness in Nigeria (VIDEO)

2

 

Metolazone and bumetanide?

6

A reduce the blood volume
B produce a euphoric state
C cause sedation
D control bronchospasm
E prevent embolisation

Yakasai Performs Closing Gong Ceremony at the Nigerian Stock Exchange

0

The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) recently honoured the President of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN), Pharm. Ahmed I. Yakasai, with a closing Gong ceremony on Friday, 29 June 2018.

Yakasai Performs Closing Gong Ceremony at the Nigerian Stock Exchange
PSN President, Pharm. Ahmed I.Yakasai, receiving the Gong Plaque from the NSE Chief Risk Officer, Mr Tunji Kazeem.

The PSN president led a powerful delegation, which comprised the National Executive Committee Members; Representatives of Board of Fellows; Nigeria Academy of Pharmacy Fellows, Executives of Fidson Plc; Healthcare Federation of Nigeria members, and Chairman, Conference Planning Committee, Oluyole 2018.

In his welcome address, the NSE Chief Risk Officer, Mr Tunji Kazeem, who received the team on behalf of the CEO, Mr Oscar Onyema, expressed  his interest in collaborating with the PSN on some public health issues,  such as  the drug abuse control and even access to capital for pharmaceutical  businesses.

Yakasai Performs Closing Gong Ceremony at the Nigerian Stock Exchange
PSN President, Pharm. Ahmed I.Yakasai, flanked by his team members, during the Closing Gong Ceremony at the Nigerian Stock Exchange.

The PSN president on his part conveyed his desire to work with the Nigerian Stock Exchange. According to him, PSN has established a foundation to improve its corporate social relations, and going forward he requested for the partnership of the NSE in commemorating the annual World Pharmacy Day, coming up on 25 September 2018.

Yakasai Performs Closing Gong Ceremony at the Nigerian Stock Exchange
Pharm Yakasai and his team leaving the Nigerian Stock Exchange Hall.

He also expressed his heartfelt appreciation for the great honour conferred on him, being the first president of the PSN to be accorded such unique respect for the first time in 91 years.

 

 

 

Parameters that are monitored during metolazone therapy include?

10

1 body weight
2 electrolytes
3 LFTs

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

Experts Task IDEA Zone Pharmacists on Business Skills

0

It was a momentous gathering of stakeholders in Pharmacy profession and community pharmacists in particular, at the 10th Annual Pharmaceutical Business Seminar of the Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), Ipaja, Dopemu, Egbeda,  Akowonjo  (IDEA) Zone, as business experts, drilled members on ways to become successful professionals and business men.

The event, which was organised by the ACPN, IDEA  Zone and held at the Grand Ovation Event Centre, Iyana Ipaja, Lagos recently,  themed,  “Unlocking Your Financial Box”.

L-R: Pharm. Ismail Kola Sunmonu, coordinator, IDEA zone ACPN; Pharm. Charles Ajibo, chairman of the occasion; Pharm. Olateju Olakiigbe, managing director, Egbeda Pharmacy, and father of the day; And Pharm. Olabanji Benedict Obideyi, chairman, ACPN, Lagos State, at the seminar.

Chairman of the occasion, Pharm. Charles Ajibo, in his welcome address, described the annual business seminar which was the tenth in the series as laudable, saying the theme, “Unlocking Your Financial Box” was not only apt but also timely as community pharmacists in the zone are expected to be freed from all forms of financial restraints, when they diligently apply the rich learning they have acquired from the resource person.

In his lecture titled, “Why Financial Management”?, Pharm. Ajayi  Tolulope  Olugbadebo, a former branch business development manager with the United Bank for Africa (UBA), and chief executive officer, Shekinah Pharmacy Limited, who was one of the speakers noted that investment and managerial decisions are the root of every entrepreneurial success, adding that for business sustainability, financial management provides necessary analytical tools essential for rational investment decisions.

He noted further that the efficient and effective management of resources especially money in order to accomplish the objectives of the organization, involves planning, directing, monitoring, organizing and controlling of the monetary resources of an organization, saying it’s a specialized function directly anchored by top management of organizations.

“By nature and training, Pharmacists are entrepreneurial and committed multipliers of resources. However, more financial details and technicalities will boost their ability to excel at what they do,” he said.

Speaking further, Olugbadebo, stressed that in order to tap into the myriads of benefits of financial analysis, Pharmacies like any other business determined to grow and attain sustainability will do well to imbibe the culture of accurate and detailed reporting of financial activities that can be analyzed into very useful investment decisions.

Speaking in the same vein, the duo of Pharm. (Mrs) Bolanle Adeniran, chairman, PSN, Lagos State, and Pharm. Benedict Obideyi, chairman, ACPN, Lagos State, urged all community pharmacists in the zone to collectively tackle the challenges facing pharmacy practice in the state and ensure they gain back the trust which the public once reposed in them.

In his own address at the seminar, Pharm. Ismail Kola Sunmonu, zonal coordinator, ACPN, IDEA Zone explained that the main purpose of the programme which had spanned through ten years was organized to help members of the zone grow successful pharmaceutical business, while improving the image of the pharmacy profession at large.

Speaking further, he explained that the need for a paradigm shift to a more practical approach in the delivery of its lectures, which was born out of the desire to see the impact of the lectures in the lives of its members, even in the face of a more challenging economic situation in the country was responsible for the changing of the title of the programme from ‘Pharmaceutical Business Growth Seminar’ to ‘Pharmaceutical Business Seminar and Workshop’.

Applause, As 17 Pharmacies Bag COPA Awards

2

-As NEPWHAN Eulogises HUGIN, ACPN

No fewer than seventeen pharmacies across the country have bagged the Community Pharmacist Action Centre (COPA) Awards, an initiative instituted to promote professional excellence and quality operations among members and to celebrate some pharmacies, which have attained some level of accreditation of COPA.

The award ceremony held at De Rembrandt Hotel, Ikeja, Lagos, saw seventeen pharmacies spread across four states of the federation, including Lagos, with seven awardees; Rivers State, with four pharmacies; Cross River State and Akwa-Ibom State with three pharmacies respectively.

Cross section awardees at the programme

The awardees  decorated  under the category of COPA 1,included Epilson Pharmacy, Lagos; Drug Consult Pharmacy, Lagos; Mebik Pharmacy, Lagos; Silverline Pharmacy, Lagos; Rozec Pharmacy, Lagos; Barata Pharmacy, Rivers; GottGabe Pharmacy, Rivers; Healthspa Pharmacy, Rivers; Wilson Pharmacy, Rivers; Eagle Eye Pharmacy, Cross River; Joe Manuel Pharmacy, Cross River; Remcare Pharmacy, Cross River; Prolimsa Pharmacy, Akwa-Ibom; One Stop Pharmacy, Akwa-Ibom; Golden Drugs Pharmacy, Akwa-Ibom State; while, Alpha Pharmacy and Victory Drugs Limited, both from Lagos state were awarded under the COPA 3 category.

Speaking at the award ceremony, Dr Dorothy Oqua, country director, Howard University Global Initiative Nigeria (HUGIN), explained that the mandate of HUGIN was to strengthen pharmacists’ capacity and pharmacy systems to provide sustainable and qualitative pharmaceutical care for HIV-infected clients and their families at primary, secondary and tertiary facilities and in communities in Nigeria.

Dr Dorothy Oqua, country director, HUGIN (Right), presenting an award plaque to Pharm. Ike Onyechi, managing director, Alpha Pharmacy Nigeria Limited, at the event

This she stated involves a collaboration with private-for-profit community pharmacists under the platform of the ACPN in the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), supported states of Lagos, Rivers, Akwa-Ibom and Cross River, as well as the Federal Capital Territory.

Speaking further, she noted that the collaboration is based on a model of differentiated care called Community Pharmacy ARV Refill Programme (CPARP), where stable, willing and able clients are devolved to community pharmacies to receive their Anti-Retroviral Drugs (ARVs) refill in a community pharmacy with semi-annual return to the hospital for clinical and laboratory assessment.

According to her, the patients who are stable and willing can now go to the community pharmacies to collect their drugs, which in turn reduce the number of people in the hospital without reducing the quality of care. “The client pays a token to the community pharmacist for the service rendered, but the drugs are free, funded by the US government, and at the end of the day, the client is happy and the community pharmacist is happy, while the hospital is freer. It’s like a win, win situation for all”.

Also speaking, the National Chairman, ACPN, Dr Albert Alkali noted that with the intervention programme of  HUGIN, in cooperation  with ACPN and PCN, Nigeria is definitely on the path of winning the war against HIV/AIDS. “Over the years, the prevalence of the disease has been going down drastically and by 2030 we hope that we will not be having new cases of HIV infection in the country,” he said.

Speaking further, Alkali explained that COPA initiative was designed to reposition community pharmacy as a model to influence surrounding pharmacies to brace up to modern and pharmacy best practices, saying it’s a means of improving patient outcome by ensuring the rational use of medicine in Nigeria.

He noted that HUGIN, in partnership with ACPN and PCN rolled out the COPA initiative as the quality assurance and quality improvement model under the platform of the President’s Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) funded, Sustainable Financing Initiative (SFI) of the Strengthening Integrated Delivery of HIV/AIDS Services (SIDHAS) project.

Speaking earlier, the National Coordinator, Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS In Nigeria (NEPWHAN), Mr Victor Omosehin, lauded the organiser of the initiative, HUGIN, in partnership with the community pharmacists for lifting some burden off the patients by offering the service patients would have struggled to get for a token fee of one thousand naira, saying the service is the best compared to what his members incur while patronizing hospitals for drug.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signs and symptoms of pulmonary oedema include?

5

1 weight loss
2 dyspnoea
3 cough

A 1, 2, 3
B 1, 2 only
C 2, 3 only
D 1 only
E 3 only

ACPN Edo 2018:Expect A Conference With Big Difference – Alkali

0

-Oshiomole to Chair Opening Ceremony

Ahead of her forthcoming national conference tagged ‘Edo 2018’, which is scheduled to hold in the ancient city of Benin, Edo State, from Sunday, 1 July to Saturday, 7 July 2018, at the SIO Events Centre, Ikpomwan Road, GRA, Benin, Edo State, the National Chairman, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, has assured members of a conference with a big difference.

Dr Alkali, made this known at a press briefing in preparation of the conference with the theme “Medicine Abuse in Nigeria: A Call To Action For Community Pharmacists”, held at its secretariat in Lagos recently.

L-R : Pharm. Eze Ogu, PCN Representative; Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, national chairman, ACPN; and Pharm. (Mrs) Clara Anyanwu, NAFDAC, at the event.

The ACPN leader assured that the conference has been designed in such a way that none of the conference before it would be able to measure up to it, adding that the conference has a number of interesting theme and sub-themes such as; Strategic Leadership in Community Pharmacy; Growing the Basket Size through linked Selling; Making Money, Saving Money and Growing Money, and many others, which would be handled by notable pharmacy professionals who have distinguished themselves in their chosen profession.

According to him, the keynote speech will be delivered by Prof. Ray Ozolua, a professor of pharmacology from the University of Benin, adding that the conference will also have in attendance eminent personalities and various stakeholders from all walks of life; including the Comrade Adam Oshiomole, former governor of Edo State and the national chairman, All Progressive Congress (APC), who will chaired the opening ceremony; Governor of Edo State, Mr. Godwin Obaseki, who will declare the conference open; Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai, president; Pharm. NAE Mohammed, registrar, PCN; Prof Moji Adeyeye, director general, NAFDAC, amongst a host of others.

The chairman further assured that adequate security will be provided within and around the venue of the conference, just as he promised that the event will be a rewarding experience for all participants. He added that the conference would be a rewarding experience for corporate participants and exhibitors who will avail themselves of the unique opportunity to showcase and expose their products and services to the teeming audience expected at the conference.

Also speaking at the briefing, the duo of Pharm. Samuel Adekola, national vice-chairman, ACPN, and Pharm. Abosede Idowu, national secretary, disclosed that the Conference Planning Committee (CPC) and the Local Organising Committee (LOC) has been working very hard with the national executive to make the conference a success, noting that the conference would be remembered in the future for great things and a fantastic experience, adding that the conference would produce the new set of leaders who will pilot the affair of the association for the next three years.

Drug Abuse: ACPN DIC Organises Essay Competition for Students

2

As the world marked this year’s International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, Nigerian youths, especially  adolescence, have been urged to say no to drug abuse and addiction, due to its harmful effects to health.

The International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is an effort of the United Nations aimed at strengthening action and spreading awareness about drug abuse and illegal drug trade in the world.

Drug Abuse: ACPN DIC Organises Essay Competition for Students
Cross section of students at the event

Making the call recently during the National Essay Competition for Secondary Schools, organised by  the Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), Drug Information Centre (DIC) to commemorate this year International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, which held at the Sickle Cell Centre, Idi-Araba, Lagos, the Director General of NAFDAC, Prof. Moji Adeyeye, noted that drug abuse is a major health problem globally, saying it is no longer a secret that many Nigeria youths, especially those in secondary schools experiment with drugs at one point or the other.

According to her, hard drugs cause a number of vices, including armed robbery, kidnapping, raping, prostitution, and even health challenges like madness, adding that there is also a high risk of liver and kidney diseases, including cancer, and other terminal illnesses, saying many of those engaged in such practices will not only have their lives’ dreams cut short, but also become less contributory to the society.

L-R : Pharm. Eze Ogu, PCN Representative; Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, national chairman, ACPN; and Pharm. (Mrs) Clara Anyanwu, NAFDAC, at the event.

Also speaking at the event, the National Chairman, ACPN, Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, disclosed that drug abuse is one of the greatest challenges the country is facing presently, adding that there is no better time than now to start sensitising the younger ones about the dangers inherent in it, as it has become a big menace to the society.

Speaking further, Alkali noted that if the older generation refuse to rise up and assist the young ones today, so as to rid our society off the menace, it will come back to haunt them in the future. “These children are our future, so the earlier we start protecting their future, the better for our nation, because by the time we leave, they are the ones that will take over,” he said.

Speaking earlier, Pharm. Bukola Folorunsho, chairman, DIC, ACPN, explained that the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is an effort of the United Nations aimed at strengthening action and spreading awareness about drug abuse and illegal drug trade in the world, adding that it is an expression of determination towards the goal of achieving an international drug-free society.

According to her, the observance of International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking is very significant because there are varied socio-economic and cultural issues related to illegal drugs and drug trafficking, adding that drug abuse results in perhaps the worst kind of health problems and has become a major crime in almost all the country of the world.

Speaking on the theme for this year’s programme, “Listen First”, she disclosed that listening to children and youth is the first step to help them grow healthy and safe. “Given the increased incidence of drug abuse in the youth and kids, it is important to listen to them first. This initiative aims at increasing support for science-based prevention of drug use and invests more on the well-being of kids, youngsters and their families,” he advised.

According to her, parents and members of the society should not stop creating awareness among their children and youths respectively on the dangers of drug abuse, adding that parents should monitor their children closely if they must effectively tackle drug use in them.

The high point of the event was the presentation of cash prizes to the winners, however at the end of the keen contest, which involved essay writing and presentation, five students from four schools, emerged winners and they included, Hephzibah Ogbonaya, Living Word Academy Secondary, Aba, Abia State; Eniola Sanya of Reagan Memorial Baptist Girl Secondary School, Yaba, Lagos; Divine Nkala from Federal Science and Technology College, Lagos; Ebubechukwu Udeh, from Ikeja Senior High School; and Festus Erondu, from Living Word Academy Secondary School, Aba, Abia State.

Meanwhile, the first prize of Hundred Thousand Naira, was presented to Hephzibah Ogbonaya, Living Word Academy Secondary, Aba, Abia State, while Eniola Sanya of Reagan Memorial Baptist Girl Secondary School, Yaba, Lagos; Divine Nkala from Federal Science and Technology College, Lagos, were presented with prizes of Seventy Thousand Naira, and Fifty Thousand Naira, for coming second and third consecutively.

Other dignitaries at the event included, Pharm. Olufemi Ismail Adebayo, immediate past chairman, ACPN; Pharm. Abosede Idowu, national secretary, ACPN; Pharm. Lawrence Ekhator; Pharm. Madehin Gafar Olanrewaju; and Pharm. Sola Onanusi.

 

WHO Study Shows Drug Could Save Thousands of Women’s Lives

2

A new formulation of a drug to prevent excessive bleeding following childbirth could save thousands of women’s lives in low- and lower-middle-income countries, according to a study led by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with MSD for Mothers and Ferring Pharmaceuticals.

Currently WHO recommends oxytocin as the first-choice drug for preventing excessive bleeding after childbirth. Oxytocin, however, must be stored and transported at 2–8 degrees Celsius, which is hard to do, in many countries, depriving many women of access to this lifesaving drug. When they can obtain it, the drug may be less effective because of heat exposure.

Pregnant African women

The study, published today in the New England Journal of Medicine, has shown an alternative drug – heat-stable carbetocin – to be as safe and effective as oxytocin in preventing postpartum haemorrhage. This new formulation of carbetocin does not require refrigeration and retains its efficacy for at least 3 years stored at 30 degrees celsius and 75% relative humidity

“This is a truly encouraging new development that can revolutionize our ability to keep mothers and babies alive,” says Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO.

Approximately 70 000 women die every year because of post-partum haemorrhage – increasing the risk that their babies also die within one month.

The clinical trial, the largest of its kind, studied close to 30 000 women who gave birth vaginally in 10 countries: Argentina, Egypt, India, Kenya, Nigeria, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, Uganda and the United Kingdom.

Each woman was randomly given a single injection of either heat-stable carbetocin or oxytocin immediately following the birth of her baby. The study found that both drugs were equally effective at preventing excessive bleeding after birth.

Since both drugs in the study were kept in at the temperatures required to ensure maximum efficacy of oxytocin, the trial may underestimate the benefit expected with heat-stable carbetocin use in real-life settings where oxytocin may have degraded due to exposure to higher temperatures.

“The development of a drug to prevent postpartum haemorrhage that continues to remain effective in hot and humid conditions is very good news for the millions of women who give birth in parts of the world without access to reliable refrigeration,” says Dr Metin Gülmezoglu, from the Department of Reproductive Health and Research at WHO.

The next step is regulatory review and approval by countries.

WHO will ask its Guideline Development Group to consider whether heat-stable carbetocin should be a recommended drug for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage.

All the following products contain a local anaesthetic EXCEPT?

3

A Dequacaine
B Merocaine
C BurnEze
D Anthisan
E Proctosedyl

NAFDAC Destroys Banned Tramadol, Codeine Worth Over N3.5 Billion

0

The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) on Friday, has destroyed 13 containers of banned and unregistered tramadol, codeine and other counterfeit medicines worth over N 3.5 Billion, during a destruction exercise conducted at the Okediya Dump Site, Sagamu, Ogun State.

Notable among the witnesses of the destruction exercise were: the First Lady of Ogun State, Dr Olufunso Amosu, who was accompanied with her entourage to the dump site; Director General, NAFDAC, Professor Moji Christianah  Adeyeye; Ogun State Commissioner for Health, Dr Olatunde Ipaye; Ogun State Commissioner for Environment, Mr Bolaji Oyeleye; Director of Investigation and Enforcement, NAFDAC, Bar. Kingsley Ejiofor; Director, Registration and Regulatory Affairs, NAFDAC, Dr Monica Eimunjeze; Representatives of NDLEA, the Police Command; and others.

NAFDAC Destroys Banned Tramadol, Codeine Worth Over N3.5 Billion
L-R: Ogun State Commissioner for Health, Dr Olatunde Ipaye; First Lady of Ogun State, Dr Olufunso Amosu; Director General, NAFDAC, Professor Moji Christianah Adeyeye; Director of Investigation and Enforcement, NAFDAC, Bar. Kingsley Ejiofor; and Director, Registration and Regulatory Affairs, NAFDAC, Dr Monica Eimunjeze, during the inspection of sampled drugs for destruction at the dump site.

Speaking during the exercise, the NAFDAG DG noted that the destruction of the banned drugs showed NAFDAC’s zero tolerance for the circulation of narcotics, substandard, falsified and other unsafe and unwholesome regulated products into the country.

According to her:”The products being destroyed today are made up of tramadol, codeine, illegally imported unwholesome sugar (different brands) and counterfeit medicines. Also included are damaged and expired NAFDAC regulated products, voluntarily submitted to the Agency by compliant companies.

Dignitaries at the dump site, heading towards the point to set the drugs ablaze.

“The total street value of the products being destroyed is about three billion, five hundred and eight million, five hundred and fifty thousand, seven hundred and sixty-two naira. And street value of tramadol that is being destroyed today is estimated to be N1, 708,750,000”, she stated.

The NAFDAG DG, who called for stiffer penalties for smugglers of regulated drugs into the country, said thirteen containers of banned and unregulated tramadol and diclofenac released to the Agency by the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) were scheduled for destruction at the site.

NAFDAC Destroys Banned Tramadol, Codeine Worth over N 3.5 Billion
Some of the banned drugs that were destroyed

“The total street value of the products being destroyed is about three billion, five hundred and eight million, five hundred and fifty thousand, seven hundred and sixty-two naira. And street value of tramadol that is being destroyed today is estimated to be N1, 708,750,000”, she stated.

The NAFDAG DG, who called for stiffer penalties for smugglers of regulated drugs into the country, said thirteen containers of banned and unregulated tramadol and diclofenac released to the Agencyby the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) were scheduled for destruction at the site.

NAFDAC Destroys Banned Tramadol, Codeine Worth Over N 3.5 Billion
Some of the rebagged sugars that were destroyed at the site

Of particular interest, among the drugs to be destroyed, according to the DG, were smuggled substandard Brazillian sugars, rebagged in the name of a popular brand. This was done by a business woman named Mrs Esther Akinsanya, with her company located in Lagos, and she specialised in rebagging of smuggled products. “Her case has been prosecuted at the Federal High Court, Lagos, and the court ordered the destruction of the items”, said the DG.

Prof. Adeyeye, however, expressed her appreciation to the First Lady of Ogun State, NCS, NDLEA, Nigeria Police Force and Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC), and other staff of the Agency, for their efforts towards the success of the exercise.

Commending the NAFDAC DG and her team for their dedication towards reducing the burden of drug abuse in the country, Dr Amosu said it takes good leadership like that of Prof. Adeyeye to walk her talk, and remain committed to the course of the nation.

While casting a vote of confidence on her, Amosu said she will continue to trust this NAFDAC administration for the best performance. She however mentioned the need for an incinerator for such exercise in the nearest future.

Dr Ipaye on his own appreciated  Prof. Adeyeye for the success achieved by the Agency so far, noting that it was the best form of intervention that is needed at this critical moment in the nation.

While relaying the activities of his ministry to the DG, the Ogun State Health Commissioner said they have been able to close down 280 illegal facilities in the state, in the last two years, and more is still ongoing in the state.

 

 

 

 

Nett Pharmacy, Euromed, PharmaTimes Honoured with BOF Awards

0

In recognition of their contributions to the profession, the Board of Fellows (BOF) of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) has honoured the trio of Euromed Limited, Nett Pharmacy and PharmaTimes with the 2018 BOF Awards of Excellence.

The event which held during the BOF 2018 Annual Meeting & Launching of A 5-Year Campaign Against Drug Abuse at the Sheraton Hotel, Ikeja, Lagos, on 27 June 2018,  had several eminent pharmacists and senior citizens of the profession in attendance.

Some of the dignitaries at the event.

While describing the recipients as enterprising, Pharm. Chiedu Ojike Mordi, chairman, PSN BOF explained that as a body occupying the top echelon of all the practice areas of Pharmacy, BOF is obligated to pay back to the society that facilitated its ascendancy to the various heights.

“Yearly, the BOF spends millions of naira to reward scholarship in the 19 faculties of Pharmacy in Nigeria and funds research of young pharmacists in pharmaceutical sciences,” he said.

Mordi also lauded Mr Fola Adeola, chairman of Transcorp Hilton Hotel cum chairman of the occasion; Prof. Ezzeldin Abdulrahman, chairman, BOF Committee on Campaign Against Drug Abuse; Senator Mao Ohuabunwa, special guest of honour; Prof. Abhulimen Anao, former chancellor, University of Benin for their presence.

 

A suitable alternative to Tavanic is?

0

A Avelox
B Ciproxin
C Utinor
D Fucidin
E Klaricid

Expert Explains How Best to Manage Your Stress

0

Michael J.Porter is a lecturer in Molecular Genetics at the University of Central Lancashire.He insists that by understanding what happens inside our bodies we can learn to control stress and use it to our benefit.

Stress is great. It makes us faster, stronger, more agile and our brains have better recall and flexibility. That’s why people are willing to put themselves in stressful work situations or engage in extreme sports.

Expert Explains How Best to Manage Your Stress
A stressed man

The problem is that uncontrolled, stress can leave us frozen to the spot and unable to think – something all too familiar for people having to speak in public or students sitting in the exam hall.

Stress developed because it gives an evolutionary advantage. For early man, and with predators everywhere, food could be scarce and diseases prevalent.

By understanding what is happening inside our bodies and why, we can learn to control stress and use it our advantage.

Your body, when stressed

When you’re feeling stressed, it’s a sign that your body is going into emergency mode. The turbo button is pressed, the engine of your body has roared into overdrive and you become superhuman.

This means becoming ultra vigilant, able to react quickly and increase memory recall, and to remember every aspect of what you are seeing, hearing and feeling.

It is this increased attention to detail that gives us the feeling of time standing still, during a car crash for instance.

Inside the body, a complex cascade of hormones is triggered by the release of a hormone called CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone), by a small part of the brain known as the hypothalamus.

This results in an increase in breathing, blood pressure and heart rate, to help pump blood and oxygen around the body more effectively.

At the same time the liver breaks down more glycogen, a high energy storage substance similar to the starch in plants. It is made in the body by combining glucose (sugar) molecules – and breaking it down again produces the glucose that our bodies actually use for energy.

Blood is moved from other areas of your body to support the muscles – which show increased strength and endurance.

Your immune system switches up a gear and your blood prepares itself to clot – in case you’re injured. Your brain also starts working much better – fed by the glucose and oxygen being pumped around your body.

Like a powerful engine, when we’re stressed we burn hot, but if we do it for too long, we burn out.

In the short term, physiological changes, including increased blood pressure, higher levels of glucose in our blood and decreased appetite, are important adaptations, which normally cause little damage to the body.

But chronic stress can result in a suppressed immune system, diabetes, heart attacks, strokes and a range of other conditions.

Our bodies do their best to only use these stress adaptations when they are most needed – maximising the benefit and minimising the potential for damage. But despite this, the body tends towards stress, given its potential advantage in our survival.

Breathing to control stress

One of the simplest things you can do to relieve stress is to breathe – something we all know how to do.

The presence of breathing techniques in both traditional meditation techniques and modern relaxation methods reflects the importance of taking deep breaths.

The immediate impact of doing this can be seen in the reduced production of one of the stress hormones, noradrenaline.

Levels of cortisol, another stress hormone, will also start to reduce.

Research by scientists in the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, at Stanford University, have now identified that these changes are linked to a group of nerves in our brains called the ‘pre-Bötzinger complex’, which regulates our breathing.

The scientists found that changes in the expression of certain genes in these nerves – which are physically connected to critical areas in the brain associated with relaxation, attention, excitement and panic – can calm an individual.

The clear implication being that changes in breathing directly affect stress levels.

Modern meditation techniques are epitomised in the concept of mindfulness, which brings together these breathing techniques and the idea of ‘living in the moment’, putting concerns for the past and future into context.

Psychologically, this helps to reduce the level of anticipation associated with unnecessary forward planning and concerns, while physically reducing important stress hormones.

By learning simple coping strategies, understanding what makes us stressed, keeping stress at manageable levels through breathing techniques, and taking regular breaks from it, we can begin to learn to use stress to our advantage, rather than letting it control us.

Daily Mail

What do you know about Mesalazine?

9

A     should be avoided in patients who are hypersensitive to

       salicylates

B    is indicated for diverticular disease

C    is available only as tablets

D    is not associated with side-effects related to blood disorders

E    is a prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid

NAFDAC Commemorates 2018 Drug Abuse Awareness Day

0

June 26 was International Drug Abuse Awareness Day. It was a day of reflection because of the epidemic of drug abuse facing Nigeria today as a nation, especially among our youths.

According to the Director General, National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Professor Mojisola Adeyeye, she joined the Senate Roundtable Conference on “Substance Abuse Epidemic In Nigeria”, in Kano, 2017.  Since then, she has had opportunities to speak on the same issue in Kebbi (February 2018), a conference organised by the Office of the National Security Adviser (March 2018), etc.

Drug Abuse Logo

Then, on April 30, a BBC documentary was aired and this jolted the whole nation into an awareness that was not as heightened before that time. The exposure of abuse of codeine implicated many stakeholders including manufacturers, NAFDAC, Pharmacists Council of Nigeria, the Federal Ministry of Health, Parents and the general public.

The abuse of drugs in Nigeria is caused by many factors including love for money by peddlers, disobedience to the laws of the country, proliferation of the market with individuals who sell medicines, lack of control of prescription in the healthcare facilities and lack of control of dispensing among dispensers. Other reasons for abuse of drugs include smuggling substances of abuse through our porous seaports and land borders, corruption and compromises at the point of entries, diversion of legitimate exports to illicit use, weakness in inspections and weak penalties for the sellers and traffickers.

There are many social factors that have resulted in abuse of drugs. These include decline of family value systems, parents not playing their roles properly, children and youth therefore not receiving proper guidance, peer pressure, social media influence, poverty and unemployment.

The most commonly abused drugs in the country are tramadol and codeine. Tramadol is a synthetic opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain and is the most abused medicine among addicts. It has no effects on the respiratory system but overdose causes arrhythmias, cramps, coma and death.

In Nigeria, it is regulated as the 50 and 100mg dosage strengths but very high dosage forms of 200 and 225mg have infiltrated the market. There is also noticeable increase in smuggling of Tramadol capsules. Tramadol use disorder is associated with physical withdrawal symptoms and compulsive behaviour.

In order to address the public health, and social problems resulting from abuse of drugs, the three arms of government – the executive, the legislature and the judiciary, Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) of Health, health, educational and religious institutions, parents must address the issues with vigour and holistically through these approaches:

  • Collaboration among strategic agencies (Nigeria Custom Services, National Drug Law Enforcement Agency and NAFDAC) responsible for importation and regulation of controlled medicines and/or prevent the importation, distribution and use of illicit drugs .
  • Heightened regulatory alertness, diligence and control of importation of drugs and food, now that NAFDAC has been returned back to our ports and borders
  • The Federal Ministry of Health should develop National Prescription Policy
  • Enforcement of the prescription policy by the Federal Ministry of Health
  • Advocacy, and public awareness campaign through the print, social and electronic media should be carried out. Ministry of information and agencies directly responsible for the end users and consumers such as the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN), Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN), NAFDAC, Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria (MDCN), etc should play active role in these. Additional funding of these should be provided by the government
  • Stricter issuance of permits and registration of controlled medicines by NAFDAC
  • Greater collaboration through use of task forces among regulatory bodies responsible for drugs and controlled substances – NDLEA,NAFDAC and PCN
  • Extra-territorial enforcement to identify, disrupt and dismantle organised criminal groups operating across borders.
  • Review of the drug laws to enable the judiciary apply penalties that are commensurate to the offences.
  • Provision of more rehabiliation centers and workers to assist those that are addicted to  controlled drugs
  • Provision of educational and employment opportunities to the youth

NAFDAC

Studies Found Ginger Water Good for your Health

2

Ginger, a natural spice has been in use for thousands of years as a flavouring agent as well as a natural remedy for the treatment of various conditions, like common cold, pain, nausea and others.

As important as it is, ginger is available almost all-year in the local markets as well as grocery stores, but it appears many people are yet to know the worth of the plant. This lack of awareness on the importance of ginger, has stimulated experts to compile a list of studies, which have validated the health benefits of ginger water- the combination of ginger extract with water, to the human system.

According to a report published on Medical News Today, it revealed some great benefits of ginger water to the body, as established by studies. Some of the findings are listed below:

Ginger water, flavoured with lime

Ginger water may help with pain, nausea, and weight loss.

Although there are studies that support the potential health benefits of ginger, there is limited research on drinking ginger water specifically. Most studies do not indicate whether the participants took ginger in capsule form, added it to food, or drank it as ginger water or tea.

Pain

Ginger water may help decrease some types of pain. In a study that involved 60 adults with migraine pain, researchers found using ginger as an add-on therapy was better than taking painkillers alone.

Nausea

People have long used ginger as a herbal treatment for nausea. In a 2015 review, researchers looked at nine studies in which people used ginger for postoperative nausea, chemotherapy side effects, viral nausea, and morning sickness. The studies, although not always clinically watertight, all indicated that ginger provided a reduction in nausea and vomiting.

Cholesterol levels

One study in rats suggests that ginger might reduce cholesterol levels. The rats ate a high-cholesterol diet, which increased their total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins. The researchers then found that also feeding the rats supplements containing ginger prevented high cholesterol in the bloodstream.

However, more research is needed to determine if ginger would have the same effects on cholesterol levels in humans.

Blood sugar control

Ginger water may help control fasting blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.

In one 12-week study, researchers divided 41 people with type 2 diabetes into two groups. One group took 2 grams of a ginger powder supplement each day, while the second group received a placebo drug. The people who took the ginger experienced a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar.

Weight loss

In another study, researchers divided 10 men into two groups. One group drank hot ginger water after eating breakfast. The other group did not. The men who drank the ginger water reported greater feelings of fullness.

Although the study was small, and additional studies are necessary, it suggests that ginger water might have a role in weight management.

Risks and side effects

Drinking ginger water appears to be safe for most people. However, there may be some situations when it is best to consult a doctor first.

How to make Ginger Water

A common way to make ginger water is as follows:

  • grate 1.5 teaspoons of fresh ginger
  • boil 4 cups of water
  • add the ginger to the water
  • remove the water from the stove
  • allow the ginger to steep for about 5 to 10 minutes
  • strain the liquid to remove ginger pieces
  • allow the water to cool enough to drink or place in the refrigerator and drink cold

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Over 1.5 Billion People are Infected with Intestinal Worms – WHO

0

-As WHO Set to Tackle Prevalence in Affected Countries

The World Health Organisation (WHO) is set to commence the distribution of a paediatric chewable formulation of mebendazole to countries with high prevalence of helminths infection, known as intestinal worms infection.

The world’s apex health institution recently revealed that “more than 1.5 billion people, or 24% of the world’s population, are infected with soil-transmitted helminths worldwide. Infections are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas, with the greatest numbers occurring in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, China and East Asia”.

Over 1.5 Billion People are Infected with Intestinal Worms – WHO
Nematode worms Ascaris lumbricoides. These worms are the largest of the human intestinal parasites; an adult female may measure 35cm in length.

The WHO through a release noted that over 267 million preschool-age children live in areas where these parasitic worms are intensively transmitted and periodic treatment is required to prevent associated morbidity.

The statement further explained that the current practice of preventive treatment in endemic areas for the three main worm species, is in tandem with the 2017 updated published evidence-based guideline  of WHO on regular large-scale treatment of population groups at risk of soil-transmitted helminth infections.

Mebendazole is one of the medicines recommended by WHO to treat intestinal worm infections of humans. This formulation was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2016 and is now donated to WHO by the pharmaceutical company Johnson & Johnson.

The document reads in part : “Now, young children aged 1 year or older children who have difficulty swallowing solid tablets will be able to easily ingest the tablet, which has a pleasant taste and can either be chewed or turned into a soft mass with a little water,” said Dr Antonio Montresor, who heads WHO’s programme on soil-transmitted helminthiasis.

“Initially, the quantity of this paediatric formulation will be limited, with full roll-out planned as production capability increases. Paediatric mebendazole will fill a major gap in the treatment of intestinal worms.

“The new formulation was developed in response to WHO’s call for a more child-friendly version. It overcomes a major difficulty in administering the medicine to children,” said Cori Vail, Director of Programme Strategy for Soil Transmitted Helminths at Johnson & Johnson.

Meanwhile, the pharmaceutical company Johnson & Johnson has recognised that preschool children are an important group at risk for intestinal worms, and have decided to include the new formulation in their current donation programme through WHO, with plans to gradually increase production.

In line with Johnson & Johnson’s magnanimity to make the medicine available to affected countries, the WHO has sent invites to countries that are facing difficulties in procuring deworming (anthelminthic) medicines and are planning to conduct large-scale treatment campaigns for preschool children in 2019 to submit their requests for paediatric mebendazole to the WHO Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases before 31 August 2018.

Voltarol Ophtha is used as?

10

1   after cataract surgery
2   for its anti-inflammatory properties
3   to prevent sepsis

A    1, 2, 3
B   1, 2 only
C   2, 3 only
D   1 only
E   3 only

Yakasai Inaugurates 2018 BASF Young Female Pharmacist Award

0

The President, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) Pharm. Ahmed I. Yakasai, in collaboration with BASF West Africa has initiated ‘The Young Female Pharmacist Award’ which was aimed at elevating standards and contribute to the development of local talent, particularly female talent in technical fields, with a focus on Pharmacy.

According to Pharm. Yakasai, the rationale behind the award is to honour women who have shown exceptional commitment and have made extraordinary achievements in their scientific fields. “It is also a means of contributing our quota towards achieving SDGs 4 and 5 of quality education”.

President, PSN,
Pharm. Ahmed Yakasai,

Members of the award committee are: Prof. Mbang Femi-Oyewo, chairman; Prof. Bolajoko Aina; Prof. Olukemi A Odukoya; Prof. Umar U Pateh; Pharm. Ibrahim Binji; Pharm. Ngozi Onuorah; Mr Sithembiso Dlalisa- Representing BASF; and Pharm. Gbolagade Iyiola

Eligibility and entry requirements are listed below:

  1. Open and competitive process for Female Pharmacists between the ages of 25-35 years old only, registered in Nigeria.
  2. Applicants are expected from manufacturing, academia and public research institutes by nominations or direct applications
  3. Proposal must be original work of applicant. Activities detailed in the proposal must not violate any known laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
  4. Staff and NEC members of PSN are not eligible to participate
  5. Submission deadline is 31st August 2018. Detailed requirements/Forms can be downloaded from website: www.psnnational.org

Filled forms can be submitted through email to: psn1927@psnnational.org

Prizes:

  1. Winner of 2018 BASF West Africa-The Young Female Pharmacist Award will get $1000 and International Training and tour of BASF Industrial Facility in Germany
  2. First Runner Up will get $750 only
  3. Second Runner Up will get $500

The PSN president expressed his heartfelt appreciation to the top management of BASF West Africa led by the Managing Director, Dr Jean-Marc Ricca for the warm reception and the kind gesture.