The Chief Medical Director (CMD), Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Dr Dennis Oju Allagoa, has been reappointed by the Federal Government for a second and final term of four (4) years with effect from 11 March 2019.
In his congratulatory message on the renewed appointment of the CMD recently, in Abuja, the Minister of State for Health, Dr Osagie Ehanire charged Dr Allagoa to justify the confidence reposed on him by Mr President, by ensuring that there is significant improvement on the achievements already attained at the hospital.
Dr Ehanire also advised him to focus more on service performance, in order to build public trust in the health sector. This, he said could be achieved by treating patients with respect.
He further urged Dr Allagoa to work in harmony with all stakeholders in the sector and in support of the President Muhammadu Buhari’s Change Agenda.
With few weeks to the 2019 General Elections, it is pertinent to assess access to quality healthcare under the watch of this administration, to enhance informed decision for the next choice of presidential candidate.
Hence, the question is : How would you rate the performance of President Mohammadu Buhari’s administration in the health sector?
Poised to improve nursing education in the country, the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria (NMCN) has disclosed that there is going to be a massive restructuring in the academic activities of nurses, from post basic nursing clinical specialty into post graduate programmes, for the award of academic certificates.
The Registrar of the Council, Alh. Faruk Umar Abubakar made the disclosure in a statement released by the council N&MCN/EDU/CIR/44/VOL.1.43 dated 11th February 2019.
He explained the motive behind the educational reform noting that it was geared towards ensuring the graduates of these programmes are being awarded commensurate academic certificates and the initiative will pave way for career progression in line with the conventional system of education in Nigeria, as well as promote satisfaction among the professionals.
The statement reads in part:
“All current Hospital-Based Post Basic Nursing Specialty Programmes should be affiliated to or assimilated into their parent universities and be operated either as Post Graduate Diploma or Masters programmes in nursing specialties.
“Each Teaching Hospital in conjunction with their university should consider their areas of strength and decide on which Post Graduate Programmes in clinical nursing specialty to take up.
“Each Post Graduate Clinical Nursing Specialty Programme shall be operated by the Department/ Faculty of Nursing in conjunction with the Teaching Hospital in line with the guidelines of Post Graduate School of the university as approved by the National Universities Commission (NUC).
“Graduates of the B.Sc/B.Nsc. from a recognized department/ faculty of nursing with good grades shall be eligible to proceed for Masters in any specialty of choice, while those with lower grade shall go for PGDN before proceeding for Masters in Nursing.
“Successful graduates of the Higher National Diploma (HND) Nursing Programme shall be eligible to go for Post Graduate Diploma in any Clinical Nursing Specialty of choice.
“Irrespective of the year of graduation, the basic entry requirement shall remain five o’ level credits in English, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics and Biology at not more than two sittings.
“The Management of Teaching Hospitals currently running Post Basic Clinical Nursing Programmes should release and sponsor some of the academic staff for Masters and PhD in Nursing in specialty areas they wish to run in order to strengthen the manpower needs for running these programme.
“The Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria in collaboration with NUC, departments/faculties of Nursing and some coordinators are working on the minimum benchmark/ academic standard for the various Post Graduate Programmmes in a variety of specialty areas. These shall be made available to the institutions in due course.
“From the year 2023, that is five (5) years from now, the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria shall cease to register and licence graduates from any institution running Post Basic Clinical Nursing Programme that have not been reorganized in line with the Council’s requirements as enunciated above”.
Until there is a strong synergy between public and private sectors to boost investment in Africa’s health sector, about 16 million jobs will remain elusive and exported outside the continent, United Nation’s Economic Commission for Africa’s (ECA) executive secretary, Vera Songwe, has said.
Songwe, who asserted that Nigeria and other African countries presently spend about $14 billion on importation of pharmaceutical products needed in the continent, due to lack of capacity in local production, said the African’s health sector has the potential to create 16 million jobs.
“The health and wellness sector has the potential to create 16 million jobs. We should no longer export those jobs. We should bring back those jobs,” said Ms. Songwe.
She made her remarks in a statement at the Africa Business Health Forum 2019, noting that if the public and private sectors could collaborate and invest enough in the drugs industry, the huge amount spent on pharmaceutical importation will be drastically reduced.
According to her: “By 2030, an estimated 14 percent of all business opportunities in the health and wellbeing sector globally will be in Africa, second only to North America with 21 percent. This is a huge opportunity for the private sector.”
Songwe thus urged governments of Nigeria and other African countries to work with the private sector to ensure there’s access to health by all on the continent.
Also represented at the forum was the Africa’s business magnate, Aliko Dangote, who via his message for the occasion remarked on the global public private trend, saying governments from both developed and developing countries were increasingly looking at public-private partnerships (PPPs) as a way to expand access to higher-quality health services by leveraging capital, managerial capacity, and knowhow from the private sector.
His words: “As a businessman, and through the Aliko Dangote Foundation, I am committed to working with governments and key stakeholders for the development of impactful health initiatives in Africa.
“I believe that private sector leaders have a strong role to play. In the past, I have in my country charged business leaders to commit at least one percent of their profit after tax to support the health sector.”
In the words of the Founder and Chairman of Africa Initiative for Governance (AIG) and Co-Chair of GBCHealth, Aigboje Aig-Imoukhuede, Africa’s government alone cannot solve the continent’s health challenges.
“We have no alternative but to turn to the private sector to complement government funding. That is why we have gathered here in Addis Ababa today to see how together we can fix health in Africa. The private sector and the public sector working together as partners have the potential to change Africa’s healthcare from doom and gloom to progress and results,” he said.
Consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves during pregnancy could cause congenital deformities, a recent study published in the Italian Journal of Anatomy And Embryology has found.
Moringa oleifera is a plant that is often called the “drumstick tree”, “the miracle tree”, “the ben oil tree”, or “the horseradish tree” used for centuries due to its medicinal properties and health benefits
A study carried out by medical practitioners in the Departments of Anatomy and Surgery, University of Ibadan, used a total number of 20 pregnant rats of Wistar strain, the News Agency if Nigeria (NAN) reports.
Prof. Adefolarin Malomo, a consultant neurosurgeon, who conducted the study with other doctors, including Dr Foluso Atiba and Dr Innocent Imosemi, said that the study was entitled “Noxious effect of Moringa oleifera leave extract on the developing brain, morphology and behaviour of Wistar rat”.
The study warned that the consumption of Moringa oleifera otherwise known as “moringa” could affect the body, brain and cerebral of newborns.
Maloma said that the pregnant rats used in the study were divided into two groups of 10 animals per group.
“Group one animals received distilled water and served as control animals, while group two animals received 200 mg/kg body weight of Moringa oleifera leave extract orally.
“All the animals were provided with rat cubes and water and libitum during pregnancy and lactation.
“After birth, some congenital malformations such as meromelia, phocomelia and amelia were observed in the pups of Moringa oleifera group only.
“The behaviour of the rats was significantly worse in the Moringa oleifera group, especially in the area of motor function,” he said.
“This study suggests that M. Oleifera may be embryotoxic as well as teratogenic in animals,” he said.
NAN reports that moringa often referred to as the miracle seed among Nigerians, is believed to have healing properties that can cure various illnesses.
Owing to its perceived diverse health benefits, moringa business is one of the fastest growing agribusinesses in the country. (NAN)
The West African College of Nurses (WACN) has scheduled its 15th Biennial General Meeting (BGM), 24th Scientific Session and 38th Council Meeting to hold from 14 – 22 March 2019, at the Freetown Conference Hall, Bintumani Compound, Aberdeen, Freetown, in Sierra Leone.
The three-in-one conference, themed: “Health Service Partnership: The Role of Nurses and Midwives in Building Global Health Security”, will be graced by the president of Sierra Leone, Brig. (Rtd.)Julius Maada Bio, as the special guest of honour, along with other dignitaries.
The keynote speaker for the conference is Dr (Mrs) Joan Shepherd, Principal National School of Midwifery, while the Chairperson of the occasion will be Dr Fatu Taqui, president 50-50 Group Sierra Leone, and the Chief Host, is Professor Alpha T. Wurie, minister of health & sanitation.
Registration fee for all nurses and midwives is $150; while non-nurses will pay $100, banquet Inclusive.
President Muhammadu Buhari recently inaugurated the Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority (NSIA) and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) Advanced Cancer Treatment Centre in Lagos, with a pledge to ensure that facilities for the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of cancer are available to many more Nigerians.
At the inauguration of the state-of-the-art centre in LUTH, Idi Araba, President Buhari announced that the model will be replicated across the country to bring quality, first-class healthcare services to cancer patients in Nigeria.
‘‘We are aware that up to 40 per cent of funds spent by Nigerians on medical tourism is attributable to patients seeking treatment for cancer. Despite having an increasing number of citizens suffering from cancer, we until now had only two working radiotherapy machines in the country.
“Working through the NSIA and LUTH we utilised a PPP model that unlocked investment capital to directly address this issue. We will replicate this model across the country to bring quality, first-class healthcare services to as many Nigerians as we can.
‘‘Indeed, over the coming months, under our leadership, the NSIA will commission two Modern Medical Diagnostic Centres to be co-located in the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State and the Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Abia State, respectively, bringing additional investment to Nigeria’s healthcare sector,’’ he said.
The President while wishing the management of the hospital good luck in operating the centre emphasised the need for maintenance of the equipment.
‘‘Our goal today is not simply to celebrate and applaud the culmination of months of hard work to achieve this objective. Neither is it solely to revel in the successful completion of the most modern and best-equipped Cancer treatment centre in West Africa.
‘‘Indeed we are proud, but we recognize that this modest effort to address the gaps in our tertiary healthcare system alone is insufficient to address all the challenges faced by the sector.
‘‘Today, we showcase what feats we can accomplish when we are together, unrelenting in our effort to deliver a common objective.
‘‘No one ever prays to be diagnosed with Cancer, but if they are, what we have made possible here today is the hope that a true chance of survival and good quality of life becomes part of the story of many Nigerian patients with cancer,’’ he said.
The President promised that his administration, which has introduced programmes to alleviate common diseases, including the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund targeted at ensuring access to primary healthcare for all Nigerians, will continue to push hard to raise awareness about cancer, educate the people and facilitate early diagnosis.
He noted that this objective was part of his solemn commitment to Nigerians four years ago to improve the quality of health care in the country.
The President, who performed the ceremony after attending the APC presidential campaign rally at the Teslim Balogun Stadium Surulere, Lagos, said his administration had focused on greater investment in the sector and worked hard to ensure increased access to safe, high-quality healthcare.
‘‘We promised to effect policies that would remove debilitating constraints on the sector and create sustainable structures to strengthen our healthcare institutions.
‘‘Today, we are gathered here to acknowledge the modest but laudable strides we are making in fulfilling that promise. We recognize that progress in the health sector is handicapped by several bottlenecks.
‘‘Accordingly, we have worked and we will continue to work to ensure that systems are introduced to bridge these gaps,’’ he said.
The President told the audience at LUTH that the Federal Government has created an enabling environment for institutions such as the NSIA to help fund high impact projects on time and on budget, thereby delivering immense value for our people.
‘‘In the case of the Cancer Centre, we can measure this value in currency, but we prefer to measure the value in terms of its social impact, the number of lives of Nigerians that will be saved and positively affected as well as the impact of capacity building for our people,’’ he said.
In his remarks at the inauguration ceremony, the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NSIA, Mr. Uche Orji said the Centre is expected to raise the bar in the quality and standard of cancer treatment in Nigeria with outcomes that would be consistent with the 2030 agenda for sustainable development.
‘‘In addition, this Centre will demonstrate the economic potential of healthcare investments in Nigeria and catalyse increased private sector participation,” he said.
Also speaking, Professor Chris Bode, Chief Medical Director, LUTH, noted that the Centre is world-class and no Nigerian cancer patient needs to travel abroad again to receive treatment easily obtainable at home.
‘‘We, therefore, want to assure Your Excellency that we shall give what it takes to run this centre as a pride to all Nigerians. NSIAs investment is not only safe but will yield ample dividend to encourage other deep pocket investors to open up the health sector as a veritable investors’ haven, ’’ he said.
Also speaking, the Minister of Health, Prof. Isaac Adewole described the centre as the single largest investment in cancer treatment in the country by any administration since independence.
Prof. Adewole added that the facility can cater for 100 patients daily and provide training for over eighty healthcare professionals, among many others.
A British Pharmaceutical Company, L.D Collins, has obtained the exclusive right for the production of a globally known IVF medication, Cyclogest, which has been used by leading clinicians worldwide to provide women a better chance of conceiving and fulfilling their dream to start a family.
Announcing the acquisition of the drug through a press statement sent to pharmanewsonline.com, the management of L.D. Collins & Co Ltd, noted that the successful acquisition of Cyclogest will allow the pharmaceutical company the opportunity to focus on the product and make the clinically important product available to even more women across the world.
While Cyclogest is currently available in over 30 countries across Europe, Asia, Africa & the Middle East, as a drug of choice for thousands of specialist clinicians globally, L.D. Collins has recently registered Cyclogest in 27 countries further, with the intention of launching it across Europe within the next 12 months.
Tracing the history of the drug, the document revealed companies that have engaged in the distribution of the product prior to this time. Companies like Actavis, Watson and Allergan have all distributed the drug, with thousands of patients having access to Cyclogest in the UK alone.” However, the acquisition by L.D. Collins means that the product will now be serviced by a specialist company dedicated to focusing on the success of Cyclogest”.
“Cyclogest has been prescribed since 1976 to women with pre-menstrual syndrome and post-natal depression. Cyclogest has experienced exponential growth over the last 30 years, and this growth is forecasted to accelerate further in coming years as a result of the successful finding of a recently concluded multimillion-dollar clinical trial invested in by L.D. Collins.
“The conclusion of the significant study, involving over 700 patients across various countries, will soon be published and has provided Cyclogest an additional Assisted Reproductive Technology indication. This is an immense milestone, allowing this medicine to help even more women across the world”, the statement reads.
The International Association for Psychiatric Nurses (IAPN) is billed to hold its 13th Annual Scientific Conference, at the Hotel De Bently, 892, Ngozi Okonjo, lweala Rood, Utako, Abuja Nigeria.
The conference themed: “Mental Health Nation’s Health Wealth”, is scheduled for 24 – 28 June 2019, and the keynote speaker is Dr Emmanuel Ejembi Anyebe, senior lecturer at the National Open University (NOUN) Abuja, Nigeria.
While registration fee is N50,000, early bird registration before 31 March is pegged at N40,000, and students early registration is N30,00.
The Pharmaceutical Export Promotion Council of India (Pharmexcil), a Council set up by the Indian Government, under the aegis of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, for the promotion of Pharmaceutical trade in the international markets, is set to organise its third pharmaceutical exhibition in Nigeria, tagged IPHEX Africa.
The IPHEX Africa – Indian Pharmaceutical Exhibition will take place between 14-15 March 2019, at the Federal Palace Hotel, Lagos, and about 100 Indian Pharma companies will be in attendance, while around 1500- 2000 local pharmaceutical companies are expected to also be in attendance.
The local coordinators of the exhibition are Trident Exhibitions Pvt Ltd, India and Global Health Project & Resources, Lagos.
For enquiries and participation, please call these lines: 080 13464457, 08051444457, and 08091129429
The West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacists (WAPCP), an agency of the West African Health Organisation, in collaboration with the Pharmaceutical Society of Sierra Leone is set to hold its 31st Annual General Meeting and Scientific Symposium in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
The symposium, which will run from Monday 11 to Friday 15 March, 2019, is themed:”Paradigm Shift in Pharmacy Education”, with sub-themes as follows: “Drug abuse and misuse: A threat to public health” and “Pharmaceutical care in Diabetes”.
As part of preparations, the Scientific Committee welcomes the submission of abstracts for innovative contributions on the conference theme. All selected abstracts will be published in the West African Journal of Pharmacy conference edition which will be distributed to all delegates during the meeting.
Details of the conference and flyer are available at: http://www.wapharm.org.
Following the recent election of the Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC), which took place during the 12th Delegates Conference on 6 February 2019, at the FCT, Abuja, Comrade (Nurse) Abdrafiu Alani Adeniji, was announced the winner of the NLC Vice Presidential position.
Adeniji, who is the President of the National Association of Nigerian Nurses and Mid-wives (NANNM), has got another feather to his cap as the NLC Vice President.
While several nurses and other healthcare groups have been celebrating his victorious emergence as a member of the healthcare team on the leadership of the NLC, the University Graduates of Nursing Science Association (UGONSA) [also known as ‘Graduate Nurses Association of Nigeria’ (GNAN) has congratulated the NANNM’s president, on his new position as the NLC vice president.
The graduate nurses’ congratulatory message reads in part:
“We felicitate with you being confident that your wealth of experience in the leadership of the National Association of Nigerian Nurses and Midwives (NANNM) will bring the much needed good fortune in the ‘Grand Labour centre’ at this auspicious moment that the labour movement in Nigeria is confronted with a lot of hard challenges!
“This great feat will remain a flowing source of motivation for upcoming nurses as it directly reinforces our age-long belief that the nurse has the capacity and competency to hold any public office.
“We therefore charge that you should gird up your loins and go the extra mile to get the job done against the most formidable, bearing in mind that the victory is not just yours but also that of the nursing profession that granted you your primary platform of union leadership.
“UGONSA believes that this is a stepping stone to greater opportunities and passionately urges that you make the most of this uncommon opportunity by working with utmost diligence and altruism such that your performance shall stand as a positive reference basis for strong advocacy to entrust nurses with more positions of authority in our national polity”.
Pharm. Modupe Oyawole, a clinical pharmacist and deputy director of Pharmacy Department, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), has called for more training for pharmacists in medical specialties in order to bridge knowledge gap in this area and to achieve better treatment outcomes for patients.
Pharm. Oyawole, who recently had a clinical training on Nephrology and Transplant Pharmacy at the University of Chicago, Illinois, under the auspices of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) as a member, revealed the shortfall of specialised pharmacists in this area, which is not in favour of hospitals or patients.
“Definitely, this is the way to go because a lot of pharmacists are needed to manage effectively the medications used in the different medical specialities and emerging diseases”, she asserted.
Speaking on the steps to be taken for pharmacists to embrace this trend in the country, Oyawole, who spoke with Pharmanews in an exclusive interview, said there is need for education, advocacy and sensitization of pharmacists, especially those in the clinical setting to aspire and take up the challenge, for the benefits of the patients and upgrading of knowledge of pharmacists.
Citing her institution as an example of steps to be taken by individual pharmacists, she said she has commenced a train – the – trainer programme, to disseminate knowledge and information to help establish an advanced and robust Pharmacotherapeutic management of patients.
Narrating the motive for her decision to embark on the training, she said having been with the transplant team for a while, she realised that the anti-rejection drugs which is the main stay of post transplant management along with other medications use are highly specialised medications that require pharmaceutical expertise to ensure desired treatment outcomes, thus, she decided to seek for more expert knowledge in this field .
On completing the programme, she highlighted the knowledge she has acquired to include: How to maximise therapy of immunosuppressant in transplant patients; How to do medication reconciliation in transplant patients; The role of pharmacists in the management of patients with kidney disease; How to select appropriate immunosuppressants for transplant patients; The difference between deceased donor and living donor; and How to make informed and evidenced based intervention in multidisciplinary clinical setting.
As one of the newly invested Fellows of the PSN, Oyawole expressed deep gratitude to the Society for the honour, pledging to use the opportunity to motivate and inspire others in the following areas: Enhance evidence based clinical practice, encourage and help develop hospital pharmacists interest in area of specialisation through workshops, seminars, collaboration with technical bodies like Association of Hospital and Administrative Pharmacists, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, as well as West Africa Postgraduate College of Pharmacists etc, promote data collection and documentation from clinical activities to improve research and timely studies so as to contribute to effective policy decisions, and others.
The national chairman, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), Pharm. Samuel Adekola, has called on President Muhammadu Buhari to urgently assent to the Pharmacy Bill earlier passed by both chambers of the National Assembly, saying the bill would authorise the establishment of satellite pharmacies and the support of pharmacy education in the interest of the public.
Speaking at a summit recently, Adekola called for concerted efforts to improve the social amenities in the rural areas to motivate community pharmacists to practise in rural settings.
The number one community pharmacist in the country also called for a clearly defined scope of operation for patent medicine vendors and other members of the healthcare delivery system with regard to the handling of drugs, adding that the role and rightful place of each health team player should be defined and respected for the benefit of the general public.
Adekola also called for the revitalisation of the ailing National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), noting that fees for services rendered by all providers should be paid directly by Health Maintenance Organisations (HMOs).
He added that health insurance should be made compulsory as soon as all existing lapses are redressed, while the Pharmacists Council of Nigeria (PCN) should insist that only registered pharmacies are to be involved in the scheme.
Adekola further stated that fees for services should be unbundled and kept by the HMOs, while pharmacist’s seal on prescriptions should be made compulsory to attract payment of all services, adding that NHIS should review drug prices annually in consultation with the ACPN.
While thanking the leadership of ACPN nationwide for gracing the occasion, Adekola assured members of the objectives of his administration in shaping the future of community pharmacy practice in Nigeria by ensuring that a solid foundation is laid for the sustenance of every community pharmacist’s business, saying his utmost vision is to make every community pharmacy’s investment a trans-generational deal.
He added that community pharmacists are highly esteemed and must thus justify the confidence of the public as they oversee the totality of medicine management and make referrals when necessary.
Affirming his commitment to ensuring community pharmacy practice in the country is improved, the elated Adekola said the summit was a history-making event for the evolution of community pharmacy in the country, noting that the selection of participants for the summit was not an easy task, as it took his team some time to arrive at the names of those selected.
Addressing participants at the summit, the chairman of the occasion, Pharm. Lere Baale, commended the ACPN national chairman and his team for coming up with such a laudable programme, saying the challenges bedevilling community pharmacy practice today were born out of lack of ideas and innovations.
He noted that leadership skills, as well as cultural values, are parts of the requirements for having a successful business venture, adding that any community pharmacist who takes more than the profit generated from the business, is stealing from the business, adding that successful business owners are those who have discipline and integrity.
Also speaking at the event, graced by the leaders and representatives of all the interest groups of the PSN, the PSN president, Mazi Sam Ohuabunwa, said the summit was timely as it coincided with the period his administration was planning to start working on the best approach to reposition pharmacy practice for excellence.
He appreciated the opportunity to meet with such a critical sector of the pharmacy profession at the beginning of his tenure as president, while also congratulating the chairman of ACPN for holding the summit, which he described as very “well-timed, considering the mood of the practice right now – to take pharmacy back for pharmacists.”
The keynote speaker, Dr Dumebi O. Mordi, principal consultant, Rx3.0 Pharmacy and Consulting, urged all community pharmacists to remember that “their worth is not found in their products but in their service.” She stated that pharmacists need to be paid for their services not their products because their real value lies in the knowledge that they have. She encouraged a paradigm shift from mere prescription to patient care.
The summit, themed: “Innovative Disruptions in Community Pharmacy Practice: Creating Trans-generational Pharmacies”, had in attendance, other eminent personalities in the pharmaceutical industry, including Pharm. Lawan Moshood, director, Food and Drugs, Federal Ministry of Health, who also represented the Minister of Health, Dr Issac Adewole; Dr Ejiro Foyibo, PSN vice-president, South; Pharm. Deji Osinoiki, former chairman, ACPN Board of Trustees; Dr Albert Kelong Alkali, immediate past national chairman, ACPN.
Other notable pharmacists present at the summit were: Pharm. (Alh.) Ismail Adebayo, former national chairman, ACPN; Pharm. (Sir) Anthony Akhimien, former president, PSN; Pharm. Remi Adeseun; Pharm. (Mrs) Bolanle Adeniran, chairman, PSN, Lagos State; Pharm. Folashade Lawal; Pharm. Chima Ogbu, and Pharm. Anthony Oyawole, among others.
The gubernatorial candidate of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) in Lagos State, Pharm. Jimi Agbaje, has urged the federal government and the Lagos State government to ensure provision of basic healthcare needs of Lagosians, especially the vulnerable, noting that this will significantly curb untimely death among the populace.
Agbaje made the call while speaking at the recent Annual Widows’ Day Free Healthcare Outreach, organised by The Roses Ministry at the National Population Commission Secretariat, Surulere, Lagos.
He decried the rate at which vulnerable Nigerians are dying due to lack of adequate healthcare delivery.
Agbaje, whose arrival at the venue of the event threw the crowd into wild jubilation, is in the Lagos State gubernatorial race for the third time, having lost the last election to the incumbent governor, Akinwunmi Ambode.
The eminent pharmacist urged the widows in attendance, who numbered about 2000, to imbibe the habit of checking their health status, stressing that regular check-up was a way to get early intervention and arrest any negative health condition.
Addressing The Roses Ministry coordinator, Pharm. Ezenwa, Agbaje remarked: “When I walked into this gathering, I thought I had entered a venue meant for a political rally when I saw the large crowd that was already seated. I must be sincere, you are a Godsend to these people and I pray that as you are putting smiles on their faces, God will reward you and give you the fulfillment of your desires.”
The PDP candidate, who also participated in screening some of the widows, said that though he was not at the programme to campaign, he would ensure to introduce a health insurance scheme to cover all citizens in addition to providing adequate health facilities in the state, if elected as governor of Lagos State in 2019.
As the widows in their thousands benefited from the free health screening and donations of food items, clothing materials, and drugs at this year’s programme, Pharm. Ezenwa attributed the success of the programme over the years to God.
According to her, “The Roses Ministry, a Foundation set up to show God’s love to the hurting and vulnerable in society, had little beginning as it started with about 50 widows some years ago, but has significantly increased to over 2000 widows in 2018. One of the reasons for conducting free healthcare screening and giving out free drugs to all the widows is to assist many of them, who desire adequate healthcare but do not have the financial strength to obtain it.”
Also present at the healthcare screening exercise was the Zonal Coordinator, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN), Surulere Zone, Pharm. Daniel Okoye, who explained that the free healthcare outreach for the widows had become an annual partnership between the ACPN, Surulere Zone, and The Roses Ministry, adding that it was part of the association’s contribution to improving public healthcare in the country.
Also speaking, Ugochi Opara, head, Widows Department, The Roses Ministry, noted that apart from the level of support towards the ministry which has improved tremendously, the number of participants has also increased significantly compared to the previous year.
The 2018 edition of the event was themed: “The Widow and Her Choices”, and featured praise and worship, drama, free medical attention, counseling and giving out of relief materials, including Bibles, Ankara fabrics, bags of rice, drinks, tomato pastes, loaves of bread, vegetable oil, toiletries and drugs to the widows.
The Roses Ministry is a faith-based non-governmental organisation, which focuses on alleviating the plights of widows, orphans and vulnerable persons in the society.
As Nigerians look forward to marking this year’s “World Glaucoma Week”, usually celebrated annually in the second week of March to create awareness on the disease and offer eye screening to members of the public, Me Cure Eye Centre, a subsidiary of Me Cure Healthcare Limited, has commenced free Glaucoma screening for 10,000 Nigerians, starting from 1 February to 31 March, 2019.
Speaking with newsmen at a press conference organised to kick off the screening programme, tagged “Kick Out Glaucoma Now”, Dr Adegboyega Alabi, a consultant ophthalmologist and chief operating officer, Me Cure Eye Centre, said the 60-day screening exercise was aimed at promoting good eye health and helping in the reduction of the burden of avoidable blindness through early detection of common eye conditions that result in avoidable blindness.
Speaking further, the ophthalmologist noted that despite growing awareness on glaucoma, many people do not have their eyes checked regularly, adding that glaucoma is a disease that affects the optic nerve in the eye.
“The nerve is what connects the eye to the brain. Whatever the eye sees, the image is taken by the optic nerve to the brain for us to see. But when this optic nerve is diseased, then one is said to have that glaucoma”, he said.
According to him, it is against this background that Me Cure Eye Centre is organising the screening event to create awareness on glaucoma.
He however noted that tackling the glaucoma challenge in Nigeria must go beyond the annual enlightenment campaign during the World Glaucoma Week, saying that since vision lost through glaucoma cannot be regained with treatment, it should be compelling enough for the government to come up with more proactive approaches that will focus primarily on prevention, which is clearly the only way to beat glaucoma.
Speaking in the same vein, Dr Kunle Megbuwawon, head, Strategies and Commercial Services and head, Family Medicine Unit, Me Cure Healthcare Limited, said Me Cure, as a socially responsible organisation, initiated the free screening programme to increase the lifespan of Nigerians by doing more of promotive and preventive health.
He said with early detection, there are treatment options that can help reduce loss of vision and slow down the progress of glaucoma, adding that Nigerians must be encouraged to be more conscious and proactive about their eye health by going for periodic eye screening and undergoing proper treatment when they have issues.
Do you know that those sugary food and drinks you cherish may be killing you slowly? This is the bitter truth about sugar. Recent studies have shown that diets high in sugar are strongly linked to an increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, elevated triglycerides, low HDL (good) cholesterol, cancer, and heart disease. Sugar intake has also been linked to depression, migraine, poor eyesight, arthritis, gout, and osteoporosis.
At least half of the sugar we consume come from soft drinks, fruit drinks, and sports drinks. The rest come into our diets in the form of cakes, ice cream, cookies, chocolate milk, ketchup, sweets and even breakfast cereals. Do we have the willpower to say no to these items of food and drinks and preserve our health?
Some people consume brown sugar thinking it is safer. Raw sugar comes from sugar cane. It is brownish because of molasses. Manufacturers bleach the sugar to remove the molasses and this makes the sugar white. White sugar is actually 99.9% pure sucrose while brown sugar is 97% sucrose, 2% water and other substances. The molasses in brown sugar contain a number of minerals, which include calcium, potassium, magnesium and iron in small quantities. Both brown and white sugar do not contain much to promote health.
Sugar is both a fat and a carbohydrate and this uniqueness drives obesity-related disease rates world-wide.
We apologise to Pharm. Emeka Egbulugha over our pharmanewsonline.com publication of 17 May 2017, which was adjudged to be defamatory relating to him in the matter of the kidnap of Mr Donatus Dunu (owner of Maydon Pharmaceuticals Ltd).
The publication which we captioned, “Revealed: How Pharmacist re-enacted Judas Iscariot, Allegedly kidnapped his Boss” read thus,
That he played out the famous biblical account of how Judas Iscariot, a disciple of Jesus Christ, betrayed his master for thirty pieces of silver, which publication was viewed by reasonable members of the public to suggest that, Pharm. Egbulugha betrayed his master, Mr. Donatus Dunu (his employer) by giving information to the kidnappers, which led to Dunu’s kidnap at the time.
We hereby retract the above-mentioned statement and the intended meaning attached thereto, which was made by us on the pharmanewsonline platform, while urging the general public and the Pharmaceutical industry to disregard the said publication.
We became aware of the true position of things relating to the matter following an investigative report from Police authority that investigated the said allegation against him. In this report by the Police authority, investigation revealed that Pharm. Egbulugha was not involved in the kidnap of his boss, hence the reason for this latest publication to correct the impression.
Worried by the prevalence of cancer in the country, members of the Musculoskeletal Oncology Support Foundation (MONSUF), took to the street on Monday to enlighten people on the importance of reporting the growth of any tumour in their bodies to their doctors early, in order to prevent such from metamorphosing into cancer.
Members of the Foundation commenced their walk against cancer from Yaba to the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Igbobi, displaying various posters with inscriptions such as : “I am and I Will”; “Sarcoma is not a death sentence! Early treatment makes cure possible”; “Lump or bump in a limb? Visit an orthopaedic surgeon early”; Pain in the limbs? Please come around for a check up”, etc.
Speaking with the Chairman, MONSUF, Prof. Suleiman Olaiwola Giwa on the essence of the walk, he explained that they were out in commemoration of the World Cancer Day, established by Union For International Cancer Control (UICC) to enlighten people on early presentation of any growth in their bodies, emphasising the importance of seeing their doctors in time.
As a bone surgeon, he hinted on the rate of bone cancer prevalence in Nigeria, saying bone cancer make up one percent of all other cancers. “Although people might say it is very small, but one life is very important to us, so we want to say that one life among many”.
Also present at the campaign, a Professor of Surgery, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Prof. Samuel Eyesan, noted other agenda of the advocacy walk, which were addressing the risk factors of cancer and listing the preventive measures to cancers. He mentioned regular exercise as the number one antidote to cancer, saying exercise has been proven to reduce cancer risk, as a person that exercises daily will hardly develop cancer.
He also stated that eating of fresh fruits and vegetables will help a great deal in reducing the risk of cancer, as they are loaded with antioxidants to combat free radicals, which bring about the development of cancer.
On the factors that predispose people to cancer, he said smoking and the consumption of alcohol top the list of these predisposing factors to cancer.” Tobacco smoking and alcoholic consumption increase cancer risk, as studies have established that smokers die 15 years earlier than they are supposed to die, and 80 % of lungs cancer patients are found to be smokers. It is also established that smoking can cause cancer of anywhere mouth, stomach, lungs, gut, etc, while alcoholic drinks expose people to cancer of the liver”.
However, the professor of surgery said that cervical cancer is preventable, because scientists have been able to develop a vaccine against the virus that causes it called Human Papiloma Virus (HPV), and it is given to young ladies now a days. “Anyone who has received it is saved from developing cervical cancer to about 90 %”.
Prof. Eyesan also assured prostate cancer patients that there is hope of surviving it, if they report early. Speaking from patients’ observation over the years, he said there are survivors who have lived forty years after their diagnosis because of their early presentation. “For instance, in my church, I have someone who was diagnosed with ovarian cancer early, and the surgery was done in the US, and she is still alive fifteen years after”.
The Secretary to the Foundation, Pharm. Modupe Alli, also urged patients not to be shy to narrate their experience to their doctors, saying a problem shared, is half solved.
Provision of healthcare services in 23 Kenyan counties was paralysed on Monday as nurses went on strike to protest delay in the implementation of an agreement to pay them higher salaries.
The nurses’ strike affected critical services in public hospitals where the bulk of Kenya’s low-income earners seek treatment.
Union officials said the strike would continue until a collective bargaining agreement negotiated with their employer in November 2017 is implemented in full.
Seth Panyako, Secretary-General of Kenya National Union of Nurses, said his members would not relent in their push for higher salaries and perks in line with an agreement signed with the employer.
“We are demanding full implementation of the collective bargaining agreement of 2017 before the strike by our members is called off.
“The strike was our last option and hope the stalemate will be solved amicably,” said Panyako.
Earlier on, Ukur Yatani, cabinet secretary for Labour and Social Protection, urged the nurses’ union to call off the strike and embrace dialogue to avoid hurting operations in public health facilities.
Yatani appointed a three-member team to resolve the stalemate between the nurses’ union and the council of governors before the strike kicked off countrywide.
The cabinet secretary demanded that the union representing more than 8000 nurses give an additional one month to facilitate implementation of the deal on salary increase.
Local media reported that the nurses’ strike was taking a toll on healthcare services across 23 counties including the capital, Nairobi.
The paralysis was pronounced in Nairobi and other major towns like Mombasa and Kisumu where outpatient services in public hospitals were grounded due to absence of nurses.
Similarly, Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta on Monday sent a message of goodwill to the Chinese people ahead of New Year festivities to be marked from Tuesday.
Kenyatta in his salutations underscored the long-standing friendship between Nairobi and Beijing that has unleashed benefits across the social, economic, political and cultural spheres.
“It is a pleasure to send our best wishes to the people of China, and to all those, who will celebrate the Chinese New Year beginning this Tuesday,” said Kenyatta.
“The friendship and partnership between Kenya and China is very old; in recent years, we have drawn even closer together, with tight cooperation now across a whole range of areas, from industry to infrastructure,” he added.
Chinese nationals will celebrate the 2019 New Year or Spring Festival beginning February 5 amid pomp and pageantry.
The 2019 Chinese New Year called the Year of the Pig will provide an opportunity for family reunions and celebration of timeless cultural values and norms that have defined the Asian country.
Kenyatta, who has visited China four times since he was sworn into office in April 2013, in his New Year message hailed bilateral ties with the world’s second largest economy.
“That cooperation has changed the lives of ordinary people in both countries. In Kenya, we see it most clearly in the Standard Gauge Railway, the region’s most ambitious infrastructure project,” said Kenyatta.
He said the China funded modern railway project had reaffirmed the mutual benefits that are likely to be unlocked against a backdrop of robust ties between Nairobi and Beijing.
“I look forward, as do the people of Kenya, to working with China, a true partner and friend, in the year to come,” said Kenyatta.
China has become the leading trading partner and source of foreign direct investments in Kenya since the two countries established diplomatic relationship more than 50 years ago.
The World Health Organisation says an estimated 116,000 new cases of cancer and 41,000 cancer-related deaths were recorded in Nigeria in 2018.
The WHO Official In Charge of Nigeria, Clement Peter, disclosed this on Monday while speaking with journalists in Abuja at an event held in commemoration of the World Cancer Day.
Mr Peter blamed the alarming figures on the increased intake of tobacco and alcohol, and the unhealthy lifestyles of people in the country.
The World Cancer Day is an international event held on February 4 to raise awareness of cancer and encourage its prevention, detection and treatment.
The theme for this year is “I am and I will.” Mr Peter who represented WHO Regional Director, Matshidiso Moeti, said the theme was chosen as “a reminder of the important actions that we can – and need – to take as individuals, groups, communities and political leaders, to reduce the impact of cancer on our lives.”
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide as new cases and deaths from the disease keep rising.
Statistics from the WHO showed that in 2012, there were 14 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths, while in 2018 there were 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths.
Mr Peter said if current trends are maintained, the cancer burden in Africa is projected to double from 1,055,172 new cancer cases in 2018 to 2,123,245 by 2040.
He said the key driver to the cancer burden in Africa includes increasing exposure to known cancer risk factors such as tobacco use, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diets, alcohol use and environmental pollution.
He said it is pathetic that more young people are getting hooked to tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and eating of fatty and junk food irrespective of the health hazard.
“Let us inform the youth that tobacco use is catastrophic, fast food and diet increases body weight and this causes obesity which if not checked can lead to cancer.
“Cancer is one of the non-communicable diseases which is killing many people globally. If the majority of the drivers are addressed, it would not only address cancer but also diabetes, hypertension, chronic heart problems and also reduce the cost of treatment of most of these diseases which are on the high side,” he said.
Mr Peter said the high poverty rate, late and poor cancer diagnosis and lack of medical cover are among factors posing a serious challenge to cancer patients in most African countries.
Other factors responsible for the heavy cancer burden in Africa are the absence of widely available information on the early signs and symptoms of cancer, late diagnosis, misdiagnosis, the absence of/weak referral systems, difficult access to care and treatment, catastrophic costs of treatment and medicines, and weak health care systems.
“Additional contributing factors in the rise of the cancer burden in Africa are the epidemiologic and demographic changes that are currently taking place. In short, the cancer burden is increasing as Africans are now living longer, in large part because of improvements in the control of the infectious causes of mortality and morbidity,” he said.
“Though significant progress has been made in diagnostics and treatment of cancers in high-income countries, sadly, most cancer patients in Africa are diagnosed at a late stage and the prognosis for a positive outcome is lessened, even in cases where treatment is available and affordable.
“Only 26 per cent of low-income countries around the world reported having public sector pathology services, and only 30 per cent of these countries had cancer treatment services. However, 90 per cent of high-income countries can offer such services.”
Mr Peter urged stakeholders, specifically African governments at the local, state, provincial, national and supranational levels, to create an environment for reducing cancer risk factors such as alcohol and tobacco use, and the citizens maintain good levels of physical activity, healthy body weight, and good nutrition.
He said cancer diagnosis should not represent a death sentence in Africa, nor should it lead to catastrophic expenditure through out-of-pocket payments for diagnosis, treatment and palliative care.
“Thousands of lives can be saved in Africa with proper cancer prevention, early detection, access to proper treatment and care, he said.
In a related development, a report by Philips Consulting (PCI), which reviewed ‘the socio-economic impact of cancer in Nigeria’, noted that the financial implication of cancer treatment on patients in Nigeria is very high.
The organisation said this has been having a grave and negative impact on the lives of patients, families and friends.
Some of the findings, which were released in a press statement signed by a media consultant for PCL, Chiadika Okereke, showed that the cost of cancer treatment in Nigeria ranges between N850, 000 and N3, 600,000.
Unfortunately, many of the victims have to spend out of pocket money in the treatment of cancer because the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) covers less than four per cent of the Nigerian population.
Those covered by the scheme also have to pay because most of the treatments for cancer are not covered by NHIS.
“The number of people resorting to public intervention has constantly increased over the years; this is intuitive evidence of the great socio-economic burden faced by cancer patients and their caregivers”, Mr Okereke said.
The research also noted that every year, cancer patients spend a huge amount on medical treatment abroad.
The Pharmacy school curriculum does little to prepare one for the enormous solution-provider role in the retail sector of the pharmaceutical industry. The value chain of this sector poses challenges that require many disciplines; however, retail pharmacists have had to evolve to take up more responsibilities in their premises. This is most times done to save cost. This has however led to lack of ‘white space’, leaving little or no room to innovate or grow the sector. These tasks can also affect service delivery with regards to pharmaceutical care and counselling, thereby increasing chances of medication errors and abuse.
The community pharmacist is therefore considered to be so busy but reaping little or no reward. The different facets of discipline usually embarked on are highlighted below:
The accountant pharmacist
Finance management is important to maintain all facets of community pharmacy practice as it is with any other business. However, the overdependence on the pharmacist to carry out detailed accounting processes is farfetched and overbearing. Basic accounting, closing of end of day sales, banking of cash and filling cash registers can be otherwise done by a cashier, leaving the pharmacist with ample time and space to provide better services to patients.
The pharmacy manager
He or she acts as a supervisor of other team members to achieve company goals, as well as coordination of daily activities in the pharmacy. This may include inventory management, upholding standards, reporting to pharmacy CEO or higher hierarchy, and training of pharmacist assistants. It is advised that the job description of the pharmacy manager is clearly understood; this will help achieve targeted team results.
A manager must have excellent knowledge of inventory available in-store and always ensure information dissemination through regular strategy sessions executed at least once a week.
The clinical pharmacist
The most important attribute of a pharmacy manager is the ability to offer up-to-date pharmaceutical care to patients and to ensure safe use of medicines. Every community pharmacy must utilise in-store space to counsel their patients on medicine use, side-effects, dosage, disease-management, use of medical devices, herbal medicines and allergies. These added services make the community pharmacist an indispensible healthcare professional adding significant value at all times.
The community pharmacist must therefore ensure daily knowledge acquisition to meet up with the demands of the community. He or she must lay emphasis on preventive therapy and use an integrative approach in treatment. For example, in counselling, an obese patient with a fasting blood glucose levels at the pre-diabetes level, should be advised on a holistic change of diet, to a more balanced diet with fruits, fibres and nuts as mainstay. Also, advice on exercise, more regular checks to monitor increase or decrease in sugar levels should be given.
While a patient treating diabetes must be treated with the integrative approach of a standard medicine, ample knowledge on the condition he is treating, offering services such as blood glucose checks, given supplements to help management of the condition and lastly given a device to monitor daily or weekly glucose levels.
The interior decorator pharmacist
The layout, design and merchandising of your pharmacy to meet your customers’ needs is paramount and must be done to increase purchase. Orderly arrangements help avoid mistakes due to medication error and also help for easy location of products with little help from the staff. Labelling shelves according to category and sections makes the customer feel welcomed and helps increase basket size.
The community pharmacist must always ensure a neat work area that depicts hygiene at all times. Arrangements of over the counter medicines must favour premium brands placed on eye level over non-premium ones. The Pharmacist must supervise regular cleaning of shelves and maintain a neat ambiance at all times.
The facility-manager pharmacist
Ensuring bulbs are changed, burnt wires are fixed, generator serviced, pipes changed, floors cleaned, shelf glass changed when broken, are some of the many facility issues a pharmacist must supervise while on duty. Some of these issues can cripple office activities and must be treated as urgent. Without this, they can obstruct more pertinent duties such as offering pharmacy services or counselling. A better way around this may be to go for multi-pharmacy collaboration. A facility management company can be hired to cater for 20 pharmacies who can pool funds together to pay for excellent facility services.
The procurement pharmacist
To ensure authentic and safe medicines are procured at all times, the eagle eyes of a pharmacist are needed to ensure nothing fake passes through the cracks. This necessitates negotiation techniques and quality assurance skills on the list of competencies necessary for a pharmacist to possess in a community pharmacy.
The customer service expert
The backbone of the retail business is customer service and the community pharmacist must not be left out in offering quality customer service. Other thriving sectors such as banking, finance, telecommunications and confectionaries have established their brands, using this technique and the retail pharmacy sector has endeavoured to do same. This means the pharmacist must embody this trait and cascade the skills to every member of the team.
Finally, acquiring these multidisciplinary skills makes the community pharmacist a valuable team player, as none of the above can be achieved through self-help but only with team work. However, priorities (patient care) must be focused on, in order to achieve best service delivery. Therefore, collaborating with sectors that can offer services that can give the pharmacist more time to focus on safe medicine use would be best to achieve better therapeutic outcomes.
Dr Rashidat Oluwafunke Ayanniyi, a pharmacist and pharmacologist, is the acting dean of Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin (UNILORIN).
Born in Zaria, over four decades ago, Ayanniyi is an indigene of lfelodun Local Government Area of Kwara State. She was educated at Command Secondary School, Jos; and later, University of Jos, where she bagged both her B. Pharm (Hons) and M.Sc. in Pharmacology respectively.
In 2015, Ayanniyi obtained a PhD in Pharmacology at Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria. That same year, she bagged a Postgraduate Diploma in Education (PGDE) at University of Ilorin, Kwara State.
Ayanniyi was a Grade 1 Pharmacist at Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State. Within four years (2001-2004) she had risen to the post of senior pharmacist. In 2006, she was offered an appointment as graduate assistant at the department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin.
Since the official confirmation of her appointment in 2008, the erudite scholar has not looked back from the academia. Expectedly, she has rapidly risen through the ranks, from assistant lecturer to her current post of acting dean of the faculty.
In addition to her academic engagements, Ayanniyi is chairman, Faculty Library Committee; faculty representative at Postgraduate School; faculty representative in the Business Committee of the Senate; member, Faculty Ethical Review Committee; member, PharmD curriculum review committee (2017); research manager, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, as well as circulation editor, Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice.
Ayanniyi is a member, American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET); Science Association of Nigeria (SAN); West African Society of Pharmacology (WASP) and the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN).
Technological advancements are things that the medical field relies on heavily. We all know the usual medical technologies such as x-ray machines and heart rate monitors, but what most people don’t know is that technology like artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the game for doctors and patients; specifically cancer patients.
According to a McKesson Corporation Survey, the World Health Organization states that nearly 10 million people will die from cancer this year and more than 18 million cases will surface around the world. Although most doctors try their best to give the most accurate and up-to-date diagnosis and treatment options, there are limits to the diagnostic abilities of doctors, and with further data analysis, a more in-depth and accurate option may be on the horizon. This is where AI comes in.
Inception-v3
Artificial Intelligence is made possible through the use of algorithms. Engineers who make AI technology actionable do so through adding data into an open-source algorithm, which allows the system to learn the information and make inferences from that data. This is exactly what scientists from NYU did with Inception-v3.
In order to make the AI useful, NYU scientists took an off-the-shelf Google deep learning algorithm and trained it to differentiate between different types of lung cancer with 97 percent accuracy. The type of Google AI system that they used is the same used for reverse image searching and can identify objects in an image. This technology has been used in the past to diagnose diabetic blindness and heart conditions, but this was one of the first times it has been used to identify genetic mutations.
The team first trained Inception-v3 to identify 1,000 different types of images from the Cancer Genome Atlas to distinguish between cancerous tissue and healthy tissue. Once it learned the difference, it was given images of the two most common types of lung cancer cells, being adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. It learned the difference between how these cells look and was able to identify between healthy tissue, cancer tissue, and two different types of cancer cells.
Revolver
While Inception-v3 was being built in the U.S., a team led by the Institute of Cancer Research London and the University of Edinburgh in Scotland were busy developing a new AI technique called a Revolver or the Repeated Evolution of Cancer. With this new technology, the team taught could pick out the patterns in DNA to find the genetic mutations of cancer cells. In pinpointing the exact mutation that caused a cell to be cancerous, doctors are now able to compare one patient’s cancer to another who’s had the same or a similar mutation to forecast for future treatment.
One of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment is the genetic mutations of cells which cause the cancer to be drug-resistant, however AI technology oncologists now have an unlimited dataset that can help them get ahead of the cancer by providing them recommendations for personalized treatment. For example, researchers found that breast tumors that had genetic errors that coded for the tumor-suppressing protein p53 along with mutations in chromosome 8 have a lower prognosis and survival rate than those with similar genetic mutations without chromosome 8 mutations. Information like this is life changing to so many breast cancer patients, as well as other types of cancer patients whose cancer stemmed from genetic mutations.
Rare Cancers
Many of the cancers that are being helped by AI have to do with genetic mutation, but what about the rarer cancers that involve no genetic mutation at all? Don’t worry. AI is targeting them as well. Canon Medical Research Europe was recently awarded $180,000 to develop an AI prototype that can recognise and asses asbestos-related cancer tumors that go along with mesothelioma, a cancer of the lungs. Under the Cancer Innovation Challenge in Scotland, a competition that aims to make Scotland a world leader in cancer care, the team was given funding to develop this technology.
Ken Sutherland, president of Canon Medical Europe, told the Scottish Business Insider, “Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma is a terrible condition for those that are unfortunate enough to suffer from it, and we believe that an automated assessment method using AI would be a major advance in fighting this disease and, potentially, other forms of lung cancer.”
Concerns with Ethics
A McKesson Corporation survey of more than 2,000 participants reports that 60% of respondents say they are open to genetic testing when it comes to assessing their risk in developing cancer, however, before we bring AI to real world everyday scenarios, the whole idea needs some ethical evaluation.
According to Stanford Medicine, one of the major concerns is bias reflected in recommendations. Depending on who designed the algorithm, there is a potential for skewed results when testing. Corruption may occur from companies or healthcare systems who are benefitting from certain types of treatment recommendations. Furthermore, physicians will need to understand how the system works, which is possible, but also very complicated due to the vast amount of data the algorithm requires to work properly. However, those who work with algorithms should be warned to understand them on a base level and not to become overly dependent on them.
Data collection is also an ethical issue that many physicians are concerned about. Collected knowledge about patients is something that would have to be done at mass scale and has the potential to be harbored without patient knowledge. Not to mention, this machine learning would introduce a third party into the doctor-patient confidentiality agreement, which challenges the responsibility and expectation of patient privacy.
Even though there are hurdles to overcome before this technology is used on an everyday basis, artificial intelligence has made major advances in cancer treatment. With the nature of cancer symptoms being so vague and so similar to less crucial illnesses, doctors are feeling the pressure more than ever to give more accurate and timely diagnoses. With technology like AI, this will help doctors provide patients with personal treatment and on their way to beating cancers, rare or common alike.
Mrs Rhoda Stephen, the state officer of the Council, disclosed this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Gombe.
Stephen said: “Before August 2018, there was no regulation at all in the state and people were engaged in so many illegal practices. But after our monitoring and inspection team from Abuja visited the state and sealed 596 pharmaceutical stores, we stepped up our activities in that regard.
“We have inaugurated our inspection team in the state. With this, we intend to address the issues of illegal premises and malpractices with regards to personnel and pharmaceutical stores. The committee has requested for imbursement which is being processed and as soon as this is done, we will start inspection and monitoring activities immediately.
She explained that the inauguration of the committee was to continue with the enforcement, inspection, and regulation activities that began in Aug. 2018, so as to sustain the fight against illegal pharmaceutical stores in the state.
NAN reports that the committee which is tagged: Pharmaceutical Inspection Committee (PIC) is in collaboration with the PCN and the state Ministry of Health. Other partners in the committee include: members of the Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN) and leaders of Patent Medicine Vendors (PMV). Stephen stressed that the collaborative efforts would go a long way in reducing cases of illegal premises and personnel. She said that an appeal had been made to Mr Kennedy Ishaya, the state Commissioner of Health to urgently inaugurate a task force that would complement the job of PCN in the state.
World Wide Commercial Ventures Ltd., recently received the 2018 Best Compliant Pharmaceutical Importer Award, by the National Agency for Food Administration and Control (NAFDAC).
Receiving the Award, the Managing Director, Mr Santosh Kumar expressed his profound gratitude to the agency, for the award, appreciating them for recognising their commitment to qualitative pharmaceutical business.
He said: “Receiving this award from the regulators themselves is truly a fulfilling moment for all of us at WWCVL and a testimony of our commitment, for not just doing numbers but doing it the right way.
One in seven Nigerians uses drugs, more than twice the global average, according to the country’s first major national drug-use survey published on Tuesday.
The survey, conducted by the Nigerian government, the European Union and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC), said an estimated 14.4 percent of Nigerians use drugs. That is more than twice the global average of 5.6 percent. It based its findings on data collected from nearly 50,000 respondents.
In Nigeria, that 14.4-percent figure translates to 14.3 million people aged 15 to 64 using drugs other than alcohol and tobacco last year, said the survey. “Some of the findings of the survey presented today are striking and alarming,” said Nigeria’s health minister for state, Osagie Ehanire.
They require “concerted efforts to mitigate the negative consequences of this rising menace on the health, socio-economic and security of our nation”. A new drug-control masterplan was being formulated to tackle the problem, he added. The report revealed for the first time the extent of drug use in Africa’s most populous nation. It said that 4.6 million people — 4.7 percent of the population — used prescription painkillers such as tramadol and cough syrups for non-medical purposes last year. This abuse, responsible for most of the negative health impacts of drugs, led to Nigeria banning codeine-based cough syrups last year because of concern at the spiralling rates of abuse.
The levels of consumption in Nigeria placed it among the countries with “highest estimates of non-medical opioid use globally”, the report said. Many of Nigeria’s drug users are in the restive northeast, which has suffered from the Boko Haram insurgency for almost a decade. But the highest rate of drug use is in the southwest, where just over one in five (22.4 percent) of 15-64 year olds used drugs last year, the report said. In Lagos, Nigeria’s sprawling megacity where poverty and unemployment is increasing, drug use was even higher, at 33 percent. In Nigeria, as in the rest of the world, the most abused drug was cannabis, according to the report.
The Institute of Human Virology Nigeria (IHVN) on Wednesday says the Global Funds has provided $29 million grant to help fight Tuberculosis (TB) in the country.
The Chief Executive Officer, IHVN, Patrick Dakum, said this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Abuja. He said TB detection in the country still remains extremely poor.
Mr Dakum explained that Nigeria has the highest burden of TB in Africa and is the sixth highest globally.
“Every hour, it is estimated that 47 Nigerians develop active TB, of which seven of them are children and every hour, 18 Nigerians including women and children also die of TB.
“TB, a disease that is preventable and curable, has turned many children to orphans, taken many bread winners away with severe consequences on the economy of families and also on the economy of the nation.’’
The IHVN Boss said that the 29 million dollars covers supplies, resources needed for the private sector and incentives.
Mr Dakum said that lack of establishment of private clinics for free TB services has made the disease to increase.
“At the TB Centre, it is supposed to be free; therefore, for every TB case they detect, we have to give money to cover part of the overhead because there are no free private clinics.
”This is just an incentive to find out more cases, so they confirm more suspected TB cases knowing that if they do, they will get paid for it.
“One of the unique things about the private sector is that of the incentive driven service.’’
Mr Dakum said the grant would contribute to providing quality care and services to Nigerians troubled with TB, thereby reducing mortality and morbidity associated with the disease.
”Case detection and coverage is extremely poor, poor in the sense that we are just at about 27 per cent of coverage for TB case detection.
”The expectation is that we should raise it in the next two years to a minimum of at least 50 per cent coverage.
”We are targeting to reduce TB cases in two years, so we need innovative measures, we are going to be supporting community pharmacies, private clinics and hospitals,’’ he said.
According to him, the idea is to now focus resources in the private sector in a way that would enable case detection to go up.
”When someone who has TB coughs into the air, that person infects the environment; somebody breathes in the air and gets TB.
”And when people fall sick, it is the community pharmacy or private hospital or community clinic they run to for treatment,
”However, our target is to equip them to be able to treat when they confirm any case, instead of referring and the disease keeps spreading,” he said.
”If we can reduce the cases such as we have in HIV we will reduce new incidents of TB, and that is what we are hoping for,” Mr Dakum added.
Neimeth International Pharmaceuticals Plc has appointed Pharm. Matthew Obi Azoji as its new Managing Director (MD)/Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The company disclosed this in a notice sent to the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) recently.
The statement indicates that Pharm. Azoji will resume in his new position, as the company’s MD/CEO on Friday, 1 February 2019.
Pharm. Azoji graduated from the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, where he obtained his B. Pharm (First Class Honours). He went on to obtain an MBA (Marketing) from the Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, and an Advanced Management Programme (AMP) from the Lagos Business School and Pan Atlantic University, Lagos.
He obtained certificates in Pharmaceutical Policy & Pharmacoeconomics from Utrecht University in the Netherlands (a WHO Collaborating centre), and went on to get his M.Sc. in Public health from the University of London, International Programmes. He obtained his M.Phil (Pharmacy Administration) from Obafemi Awolowo University, lle-Ife. Presently, a PhD (Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice) from the University of Jos, Plateau State is in view.
Pharm. Azoji is Fellow, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (FPSN) and Fellow, West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacists (FPCPHARM). He is a member, International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), founding member, Health Systems Action Network (HSAN), member, Nigerian Institute of Management (MNIM), member, National Institute of Marketing of Nigeria and member, Nigerian Association of Industrial Pharmacists.
He began his professional career as a Hospital Pharmacist at General Hospital Saminaka, Kaduna State in 1986 serving our country during his National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) year. Prior to this, he had a one year internship programme at Obafemi Awolowo University, lle-Ife as a demonstrator/intern. He had a brief stint with Astra-Arewa Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Kaduna as a medical representative based in Kano.
Azoji joined May & Baker Nigeria Plc in 1988, and served there till 2004, during which time he rose from the position of medical representative to occupy the positions of asst. manager – Ethical Product Sales, area manager – North, Sales & Market Development Manager, regional sales manager – Lagos/South West, business manager – Healthcare, business manager – Consumer and head, Corporate Planning & Development. He was the pioneer MD/CEO, CHAN Medi-Pharm Ltd/Gte, Jos, Plateau State from 2004 till Sept. 2018.
The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) says Nigeria has the second largest number of stunted children in the world, with over 11 million children under the age of five affected.
Annefrida Kisesa, the Chief Field Services and Operations, UNICEF, made the remark at a two-day workshop on nutrition and comprehensive dietary diversification held on Tuesday in Kano.
NAN reports that the workshop was organised by the fund in collaboration with Kano Emirate Council Committee on Health and Human Development for district and village heads from Bichi and Sumaila Local Government Areas of the state.
“Kano is the most populous state in Nigeria with 13.5 million people including 810,000 children aged six to 23 months. Stunting affects more than half (58%) of under five in Kano State,” Mrs Kisesa said.
She explained that poor infant feeding was one of the reasons for stunting and called for greater investment in nutrition in order to ensure that all children enjoy better health and nutrition state.
“The 2017 Multi-indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) also revealed poor infant feeding practices in Kano with 30 per cent of children 6-23 months consuming Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD).’’
She said the survey also indicated that 40.5 per cent of the children were consuming Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF), while only 14.6 per cent were consuming Minimum Acceptable Diet (MAD).
“As a child rights advocates, UNICEF firmly believes that without investing in children, human development will always remain incomplete.
“It is not a favour for children, but it is their right, all of us, parents, communities, and governments at all levels, we have a responsibility to uphold to ensure economic growth and development of the children,” she said.
According to her, parents and community leaders have a critical role to play in transforming lives of their communities and children.
“The first 1,000 days of life from conception to two years represents a critical window of opportunity for the promotion of optimal growth, health and development.
The UNICEF Chief of Katsina Field Office, Padmarathi Yedla, reiterated UNICEF’s commitment to achieve child survival and development in Kano state in particular and Nigeria in large.
The Emir of Kano, Muhammadu Sanusi II, called on traditional rulers in the state to enlighten their subjects on the importance of giving children food that has nutritious value.
He urged the participants to support the programme with a view to achieving the desired objective.
-As Nursing Council inducts 53 foreign-trainednurses
The President, National Association of Nigerian Nurses and Midwives (NANNM) Comrade Nurse Abdrafiu Alani Adeniji, has urged the newly inducted foreign-trained nurses to take up the challenge of harmonising their education and expertise with the local and national reality, as evidence based practice is key in the day to day professional practice.
Comrade Adeniji, who is also the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria(NMCN) Registration Committee chairman, congratulated parents of the inductees, the inductees, the leadership of NMCN and the various universities these people have graduated from, noting that this goes a long way to reassure healthcare consumers to repose confidence in these young professionals.
His words: “As we all know, there is limited university offering Nursing at Bachelor degree level presently in Nigeria, and to compensate the shortage of this category of nurses, there is the need to respond to the societal needs of provision of adequately trained and certificated nurses.
“Therefore those parents that can afford financing education of their wards outside the shore of the country are equally congratulated for the success of their children at the Nigeria Nursing Council Professional qualifying examination, a prerequisite for registration and licensing of professional nurses in Nigeria”, he remarked.
The NANNM President, who spoke with pharmanewsonline in an exclusive chat, also commended the induction exercise as a giant stride towards ridding the healthcare system of quacks, sanitizing the system and fortifying the healthcare system with quality and safe healthcare services, noting that ‘safe staffing saves lives, is the universal slogan.
Speaking during the induction ceremony of 53 foreign-trained nurses in Abuja on Monday, Registrar of the Council, Alhaji Faruk Umar said it was the first time nurses of foreign trained institutions were being formerly inducted into the profession ever-since it started registering nurses trained outside the country.
He said the inducted nurses were trained in Cyprus, Egypt, Ghana, Georgia, India, Jamaica, Jordan, Niger Republic, Philippines, Sudan, Ukraine and United Arab Emirates (UAE).
He said following the approval of new registration policies and procedures which took effect in January 2018, applicants applied and attended a screening interview irrespective of their registration status in the countries of training, and then proceeded for a six month adaptation programme in designated centres in order to prepare for the council’s professional examination for general nurses.
He said the new set of foreign trained nurses sat for the professional exam in 2018, adding that out of 247 applicants that sat for the exam, 100 were successful.
The registrar enjoined the inductees to be willing to learn from their colleagues already working in the clinical areas, accept corrections, avoid unnecessary mistake as well as improve where necessary.
The best performing inductee, Mary Bukola Ibitoye, who graduated from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana said the adaptation programme was a great experience with room for improvement in the future.
The Association of Nigerian Physicians in the Americas (ANPA) and The Nigerian Association of Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Scientists in the Americas (NAPPSA) are organising a medical mission trip to Nigeria on 5 to 12 of April 2019.
This medical mission is focused on the provision of necessary patient care interventions in a clinic setting, provision of surgical interventions, Dental and Pharmaceutical care, continuing professional development and training to locally based healthcare providers and strategic interactions with Nigerian healthcare stakeholders, to foster overall healthcare improvement opportunities in all the various facets of healthcare delivery in Nigeria.
While soliciting for the support of stakeholders, to enhance the provision of medical and pharmaceutical aids to the severely underserved communities in Nigeria, ANPA/NAPPSA Medical Mission Team Coordinator, Dr Teresa Pounds, emphasised the essence of the mission, noting that it is for the joint achievement of ANPA and NAPPSA vision of a healthier Nigeria in a healthier world through information exchange, educational development, professional collaboration and cooperation.
Dr Pounds, who spoke through a statement sent to Pharmanewsonline.com, said the medical mission trip is funded largely by donations used exclusively for the benefit of Nigerians. “Our goal is to promote long term self-sustaining healthy communities through medical missions. We typically cover travel expenses for all the professional volunteers who are responsible for all patient care activities, we also have a drug formulary, medical, dental and pharmaceutical supplies list needed to effectively provide patient care activities.
“All materials donated for the mission will be left in Nigeria to be used for the continued care of Nigerians. It is therefore critically essential that you please partner with us to make this medical mission a success through your tax-deductible financial contribution or the donation of items in the attached list”, she pleaded.
Below is the list of drug class and supplies needed for ANPA/NAPPSA Medical Mission :
Anesthesia, surgical supplies, tools and medications.
Antimicrobials.
Pain management and Arthritis.
Muscle relaxants.
Asthma and allergy.
Diabetes medications, monitoring tools and supplies.
Heart and blood pressure medications, Diagnostic & monitoring tools and supplies.
Generally associated with shaving, razor bump or shaving bump is a skin condition whose real cause and best method of treatment had, for many years, been a source of concern among skincare experts. One man however rose to turn the tide with his groundbreaking discovery of the biochemistry of shaving bumps formation.
Meet Dr (Pharm.) Aloysius Anaebonam, the renowned international expert on skincare and shaving bumps treatment. In 1999, he became the first scientist to correctly implicate melanin as being responsible for the higher incidence of shaving bumps in black skin.
Dr Anaebonam elucidated and published the biochemical pathways involved in shaving bumps formation and developed a comprehensive ten-product line for its resolution and prevention. He holds 12 United States pharmaceutical patents, and is a co-author of a chapter in the Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology and the Pharmaceutical Textbook, Tablets Volume II.
Dr Anaebonam has over 30 years pharmaceutical and cosmetic technology experience, including formulation development and testing, analytical method development, quality control, stability testing, process development and scale-up, manufacturing, packaging, validations, regulatory affairs and business development.
He has travelled extensively throughout the world working with top pharmaceutical and cosmetic companies in Italy, Switzerland, France, England, Germany and Japan.
Background and education
Anaebonam Aloysius Onyeabo was born on 25 June, 1955, to the family of George Nwoye Anaebonam and Maria Nneka (Ofoedu) Anaebonam, in Udi, Enugu State, Nigeria. His father, George, commonly referred to as “Akunne” or “Otutu Abagana”, was a well treasured member of his community. He served as the private secretary to the military governor of Eastern Nigeria, Lt. Col. Ojukwu, from February 1966, till the end of the civil war. He also served as the secretary to several local governments in eastern Nigeria at different times before retiring as the deputy permanent secretary of the Ministry of Works, Enugu State, in 1984.
Dr Anaebonam was an exceptional student with a great flair for the sciences. He gained admission in 1973 to study Pharmacy at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, and obtained his Bachelor of Pharmacy degree with first class honours in 1978. He then relocated to the United States in 1980 for further studies and soon obtained his master’s and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in Industrial Pharmacy from the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, Boston Massachusetts, in 1983 and 1986 respectively.
Career
Dr Anaebonam started his career as a research scientist at Pfeiffer Pharmaceutical Science Laboratories, Boston, from 1981 to 1986. After his doctoral studies, he worked as product development scientist at Fisons Corporation, Bedford, Massachusetts, from 1986 to 1989. He was later promoted to the position of manager pharmaceutical development, Fisons Corporation in Rochester, New York, a position he held from 1989 to 1991.
Dr Anaebonam moved to Ascent Pharmaceuticals, Inc., now known as Ascent Paediatrics, in Billerica, Massachusetts, in 1991. He served as the director of product development and quality control from 1991 to 1994, before being promoted to the position of assistant vice president, product development and quality control, from 1994 to 1996.
In 1996, Anaebonam rose to the position of vice president, product development and quality control, Ascent Paediatrics, Wilmington, Massachusetts. He has been working in this capacity since then. He is also a pharmaceutical and biotechnology consultant assisting start-up companies in drug development, testing, pre-submission reviews and provision of turnkey services for the costing and layout of new pharma and biotech production and testing facilities.
Dr Anaebonam is founder and CEO of BREEJ Technologies, Incorporated, a company that develops and markets the world’s most advanced bump treatment system for skin problems. Established in 1999, BREEJ Technologies also develops and markets advanced personal care products for people of colour worldwide.
Path to prominence
Dr Anaebonam was the first scientist to disagree with the widely held view that shaving bumps are caused by “in-grown” hairs – wiry, curly hairs that curl and grow back into the skin. Ingrown hairs or, more appropriately, entrapped hairs, result when existing shaving bumps block the opening of the hair follicles on the skin, forcing the normally growing hairs to grow into the existing bumps.
Dr Anaebonam postulated that “shaving bumps are primarily caused by the trauma from shaving, resulting in inflammation of the shaved area manifested as ‘bumps’ as the body reacts to the trauma, compounded at times by bacterial/fungal infections. Induction of melanogenesis by irritated keratinocytes during shaving produces additional inflammatory mediators exacerbating the condition. This is the main reason why black people with higher levels of melanin, have a higher incidence of shaving bumps.”
In June 2007, Dr Anaebonam published the definitive paper on the real cause and treatment for shaving bumps, titled “A New Hypothesis for the Cause and Treatment for Pseudofolliculitis Barbae”. Later that year, he presented a paper titled “Shaving Bumps Impact on the Premature Aging of Black Skin” where he linked shaving bumps to premature skin ageing in black people at the cosmeceuticals summit in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, (February 21 to 22, 2007).
Recently, he published an article on shaving bumps – “Pseudofolliculitis Barbae (Shaving Bumps); Ingrown Hairs – Real Cause, Treatment & why Black Men are Disproportionately Affected – Sofw Journal, Thannhausen Germany, Vol 144; March 2018.
Affiliations and achievements
Dr Anaebonam is a member of many notable academic and professional societies, including the American Association of Pharmaceutical Science, the Rho Chi Society, and the Beta Simga Society, University of Nigeria, Nsukka where he served as governor from 1976-1977. He was also the chairman of the New England Chapter of the United States Society of Cosmetic Chemists (1994, 1999, 2009).
Dr Anaebonam holds patents for stabilization of pentamidine isethionate solutions, calcium polycarbophil sprinkles, terfenadine oral powder, and extended release acetaminophen particles among others.
Dr Anaebonam is happily married to Nneka Chinyere Esimai Anaebonam.
Every new year presents the opportunity of a fresh start, driven by a sincere review of the previous year and a strategic blueprint for subsequent advancement. For the Nigerian health sector, maximising such opportunity and hope of a positive transformation must begin with getting some parameters right from the start of the year. Indeed, from all indications, key stakeholders in the sector would have to do a lot more to make this year better than the outgone year. What is uncertain, however, is whether the nation has the political will to actualise the desired improvements the sector needs to deliver the quality care that Nigerians deserve.
The reason for this shaky optimism can be easily inferred: the early signs are not encouraging enough. To start with, although there is a marginal increase in the health budget for 2019, compared to 2018, the amount allocated to the sector is still a far cry from what it needs. The present health budget estimates total N365.77 billion, out of the N8.83 trillion total budget, which is 4.1 per cent of the budget. For 2018, the budget was N340.456 billion out of a total budget of N8.612 trillion, which was 3.95 per cent. As usual, the budget contravenes the recommendation of the 2001 African heads of state summit, which coincidentally held in Abuja. Tagged “the Abuja Declaration”, the document stipulates that, at least, 15 per cent of the annual budget should be for the health sector.
Consequently, with the year beginning with a paltry allocation, improving the health sector already overwhelmed by myriads of challenges which require huge financial injection, will need a lot of ingenuity by managers of the sector. We urge stakeholders to prevail on government to consider a supplementary health budget, specifically to accommodate more capital projects for the sector and bridge the huge gap of infrastructure deficit. In addition, more concerted efforts must be made to ensure that the government does not renege on its commitment to using one per cent of the Consolidated Revenue Fund (CRF) which it stipulated in the budget will be for the Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF).
Beyond funding, however, the quest to improve healthcare in 2019 will also require a lot of attitudinal changes and sacrifices by players in the health sector. As a matter of priority, stakeholders in healthcare must find ways to stop the gale of health workers’ strike, which over the years, and specifically in the outgone year 2018, has impeded progress in the health sector. Incidentally, as with the issue of finance, the prospect of achieving this change in the new year has begun on a worrisome note, as the Joint Health Sector Unions (JOHESU) recently threatened to embark on another nationwide strike by 31 January, if the federal government fails to meet its lingering demands. Both health workers and the government must devise constructive ways of resolving issues without repeatedly jeopardizing the health of the citizenry.
Crucial to ending the incessant strikes is the need to decisively deal with the challenge of interprofessional rivalry. Cheeringly, the leaderships of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) and the Nigerian Medical Association (NMA), as well as other health workers groups, are having fruitful engagements that we hope will lead to a firm understanding that will engender industrial harmony. This is crucial if the health sector is to make progress in 2019 and the years to come.
Also of concern is the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), which has been generally rated as underachieving. The previous year was particularly bleak for the scheme, as it was bogged down by its own internecine war of attrition against its executive secretary, who was suspended, recalled and then suspended again indefinitely over allegations of corruption and impropriety. For the NHIS to deliver on its mandate, this imbroglio must stop because a functioning NHIS would be a great catalyst for the delivery of affordable quality healthcare services to Nigerians. More importantly, all the states of the federation must be encouraged to start their own health insurance scheme in tandem with the NHIS Act.
We must also note that improving access to quality affordable medicine is crucial to improved healthcare delivery in 2019. It needs not be repeated that without medicine, there would be no healthcare. Therefore, to improve the pharmaceutical sub-sector of the Nigerian health sector, the government should be enjoined to sign the Pharmacy Council Bill already passed by the National Assembly into law. It should also expedite action on the implementation of the new National Drug Distribution Guidelines (NDDG) and give NAFDAC all the support it requires to deliver on its mandate of ensuring drugs in the country are genuine and fully approved for consumption.
In this recent interview with Pharmanews, Managing Director of Oak-Faith Pharmaceutical Resources Ltd, Pharm. Chris Ojeabulu, voices the yearnings of most indigenous pharmaceutical manufacturers in the country, calling on the government to improve on patronage of local products and formulation of friendly policies. Excerpts:
Congratulations on the successful completion of your new factory. How long did this project take and what was the estimated cost?
Given what our vision is as a pharmaceutical manufacturing company, it took us a number of years to put the structure in place. Going by the heavy cost of doing pharmaceutical manufacturing in the country, we decided to take the bull by the horn, on our own, not waiting for NAFDAC to tell us what to do.
We took the giant stride to put our factory in the right position. We took the decision voluntarily because of our vision, and it took us quite a number of years to get here, because of the facilities we have in place. All facilities are custom-built, to meet the current GMP requirements. It was quite expensive and you know the cost of materials these days; it is quite high.
We didn’t go to industrial banks; we went to commercial banks and you know the rates are high. But, by the grace of God, we are through and we do not have anything outstanding.
Are there any challenges you are facing in this new site?
First, government coming to the aid of individuals in this country is quite unheard of and is a very tall order. However, the bigger challenge now is power. Power is very critical because, right now, we are running on generator for 24 hours. Rates are high and the roads are bad. You can’t move products from one place to the other without any form of damage. The vehicles don’t last and you spend a lot of money on maintenance. And all these have a chain effect on the cost.
The other major problem we have is that government is not patronising the industry. If the government should patronise the industry directly, I am sure the pharmaceutical industry will experience rapid growth. In fact, a lot of manufactures will go into dosage forms, which are currently not produced here. But government patronage is not working here; there is no direct government patronage like what we have in other countries. Over there, before the products are rolled out or delivered, you know the government will pay you. But here that is not the case and it is not so encouraging to local manufacturers.
The pharma industry is a highly regulated one. You don’t just do what you want. There are standards to be kept, standards to be met, and that is money in every sense of the word. So, if the government wants local manufacturers to grow, they should stop importing. And you know drug itself is a security issue. If anything happens and you are caught, then you are gone. So, the government should come in and consider this because stakeholders have been talking about drugs being a security issue but the way the government is handling it is not the way it should be. We are hoping that, over time, the government will look into it and do the right thing. Patronage is important to sustain the industry.
As one of the few local pharma manufacturers in the country, tell us how the experience has been so far in terms of government policies and business survival?
Our government has policy summersault; they bring out a policy, saying “these are the products on prohibition list” and then, behind the scenes, you will see those products coming in again. People are bringing them from outside the country, and those policies are broken.
This is usually a big challenge because local companies which deal in those products line would have acquired machines and raw materials for production before the announcement of the policy. Thus, when you see people importing same products and selling at cheaper rates, you will realise that your investments are stuck.
Bringing in raw materials and equipment throught the ports is very difficult, the dues and levies and whatever you pay are not encouraging. The inconsistency in government policies is not helping in that area as well. So, these are some of the inconsistencies that make the business swing up and down and it’s like the growth you expect, you don’t get it.
How can these problems be solved?
I think the way forward is for the government to start thinking of exporting pharma products because any country that does not export is not growing. I believe that if the government can focus on the petrochemical industry here, some of the raw materials that we are bringing in could be sourced locally; yet we have such a petrochemical industry not being developed, even though it is a big source of raw materials for the pharma industry.
It is imperative that this is urgently considered, because if anything happens and you can’t do foreign exchange, it will be quite difficult for us to continue in business. This explains why the whole thing is going round the same circle as Nigeria only depends on crude oil for foreign exchange.
Government should focus on manufacturing. It is incumbent on those in authority to encourage indigenous manufacturers by providing the necessary facilities and putting infrastructure in place. Presently, the roads are not there for distribution, the interest rates are so high that you cannot access anything, and even before you get them it takes a lot.
Again government patronage is key. Government should patronise the industry to encourage local manufacturers. Interest rates are high, tariffs are high, multiple taxations are there – when you move from one state to another you have to pay various taxes on the road. Even with all the documents, they will still tell you “it is not applicable here” and you have to pay additional money.
For example, when you are going from Lagos State to Warri, officers on the highway will tell you that you have to pay a different rate. There are federal institutions controlling this but the point is that in order for some of the state governments to create jobs for those who helped them to win elections, they create some additional taxes to satisfy these people. You have to buy their stickers for your vehicle, apart from the federal stickers that you buy – which are supposed to cover your vehicles nationwide – but they have seen it as an extra means of generating revenue that will kill peoples’ businesses. We will continue to appeal to the government to look into this. It requires continuous advocacy and lobbying.
What does the relocation of the company to its new site portend for the company and its products?
Well, it is going to increase capacity utilisation, and the quality and quantity of our products will be higher. Based on what we have on ground, there are facilities to ensure that the quality being produced is expanded, and then we intend to add more products.
Generally the capacity utilisation of facilities in this clime is quite low and there are so many things to contend with. We are expecting that with the bigger facilities on ground, we are going to have a wider coverage in our distribution network and patients will be able to enjoy access to their medicines in good time. We now have bigger equipment and compared to where we were before, 95 per cent of the machines we have here now are bigger and newly imported.
How long have you been here and what is your vision for expansion?
We have been here for about two years now, and our vision is to expand our products nationwide.
Aishat Oyinkansola Salisu, a final year student of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU), Sagamu Campus, is the immediate past president of the Pharmaceutical Association of Nigeria Students (PANS), OOU Chapter. In this exclusive interview with Pharmanews, Salisu, who was, until her emergence as president, was the assistant general secretary, PANS-OOU, shares her views on pertinent issues surrounding pharmacy education in Nigeria, as well as the major reason most pharmacy students prefer cramming during exams. Excerpts:
How did you come into studying Pharmacy? Has it always been your dream course?
Aside from the fact that Pharmacy is a profession I had always loved, there was a certain lady that I admired so much when I was in secondary school. Although she was my senior, I admired her because she was very brilliant. After she graduated and I checked the yearbook produced for her set, I discovered she picked Pharmacy as her dream course, and that was how my interest in Pharmacy developed and I promised myself I was going to study Pharmacy.
Moreover, the late Prof. Dora Akunyili was also one of the heroes I admired so much in the country, and when I carried out my research on her, I found out that she was also a pharmacist. That was when I made up my mind that it was Pharmacy or nothing else.
What were your motivations for contesting for the post of PANS president?
The trust that my colleagues had in me was what motivated me to run for the post of president. While I was still the assistant general secretary, I provided a mirror to every rest room in the faculty, as a fulfilment of the promise I made while campaigning. So, when it was time to have a new president, some colleagues came to me and sI should contest; that they believed I would do better in that position. And to God be the glory, I did not disappoint or betray the trust they had in me.
Can you tell us some of your achievements and challenges while in office?
One of my major achievements that I hold dear to my heart was my ability to ensure I did not betray the trust my colleagues and lecturers had in me, and each time I look back, I feel fulfilled and happy that I was able to write my name in gold.
Some of my visible achievements included campaigns against drug abuse, which we were able to do through several social medial platforms; improved relationship between lecturers and the students by extending our hands of appreciation to the lecturers through giving them welfare packages; erection of a landmark monument (the Rx statue) in front of the faculty building, among many others.
Our challenge however was lack of finance, as most of the dignitaries we reached out to either did not respond, or did not give much.
The Faculty of Pharmacy, OOU, produced the last PANS national president, at the same time you were the chapter president, what effect did this have on your administration?
Having the national secretariat in OOU during my administration was also a big challenge as there were some events we could not hold because the national constitution states that the host school cannot hold a PANS week or launch a magazine, which we adhered to.
The good effect it had on my administration was that it saved my administration the stress and finances of transporting my colleagues across the country for any PANS national events, because being the host school then, all the events were done within our school premises. It also saved us the stress of organising PANS week; so the stress and finances were out of our budget.
I said earlier that there were a number of events we could not hold. This was because the Dean’s approval had to be obtained for every event. In fact, it got to the point thst she complained that we were seeking too much approval; so we had to drop some events we wanted to do.
How did you balance academic work with the stress of running the PANS office?
It wasn’t an easy task at all, but I am someone who understands how to strike a balance between whatever position I am occupying and my academic pursuit. I had a timetable I worked with, and I made sure one didn’t affect the other, especially my academic pursuit, which is the primary reason I am in the university. So, basically, I acted as president mostly during the day, and faced my studies squarely at night.
If you have had the honour of changing some things about pharmacy education in OOU, what would they be?
This shouldn’t be applicable to only OOU only, but pharmacy education in Nigeria as a whole. I will start with inconsistent syllabus. in Nigeria, pharmacy schools have different syllabuses they work with and its quite worrisome, as even pharmacy students in the same level in different pharmacy schools are not taught the same thing. And when you see your colleagues in other schools who are in the same level with you discussing a topic you have been taught, it would be as if those students came from the moon.
Take Pharmacy Law, for example, there is a textbook we use here and you will see a student in another school saying he has never come across that book before. Having the same syllabus will even ease the job of our lecturers and help students to learn uniformly.
Again, there is a popular saying in pharmacy education in Nigeria, “If you don’t know it, cram it”. This is as a result of the complexity of the scheme of work we use. I sometimes see pharmacy education in Nigeria sometimes as the survival of the fittest. A lazy, weak and unfit person cannot study pharmacy in Nigeria. Our scheme is so complex that, sometimes, one can’t comprehend all that we are taught; so, what we do is to cram so we can pass exams.
OOU is a multi-campus institution, with colleges in different locations. For example, the College of Health Sciences, under which the Faculty of Pharmacy belongs, is in Sagamu, far way from the main campus in Ago-Iwoye, compared to other pharmacy schools who have their faculty inside the main campus, how would you assess pharmacy education here?
Education they say goes beyond the four walls of the class room. Let me say pharmacy education in OOU becomes boring at times. It’s just the same thing we get to do every year. We are restricted to our campus in Sagamu with other health-related students. Just like other schools, we wish we can be together in one campus. There is much we can achieve together. Sometimes organising an inter-faculty competition is not visible.
What is your advice to female pharmacy students seeking to follow your footsteps in vying for PANS presidency?
My advice to any female out there vying for the post of president is for such to be strong and never give up because there will be a lot of people who may want to discourage her, just like how I was discouraged; but she needs to make sure she wins the trust of people around her. She also needs to believe in herself that she can win and also do better in that position.
For “hungry rice”, which is the European name given to the local grain popularly known as Fonio or Acha, the saying that good things come in small packages is especially apt.
Botanically known as Digitaria exilis and Digitaria iburua, Folio is a whole grain, with amazingly tiny seeds. And contrary to the misconception of some European scientists about this oldest African cereal that it is only consumed by hungry people (hence the term “hungry rice”), studies have established that Fonio contains nine essential amino acids with a lower glycaemic index (GI) than other grains. It this serves as an important protein source, with natural properties of cholesterol-lowering, cancer-risk-reduction, and cardiovascular diseases-lowering potentials.
In a study titled: “Nutritional and Health Benefits of Acha (Digitaria exilis) in the Human Diet – A Review”, and published in African Journals Online, the researchers found that the GI of Acha meal was low in both Type II diabetics and healthy subjects. “The glycaemic load of the Acha (D exilis) meal is just enough for control but high for the Type II diabetic subjects”.
To arrive at the findings, the scientists got ten volunteer Type II diabetics and seven healthy subjects for the metabolic studies. They provided 50 grams carbohydrate of Acha meal and okra soup as test food, while 50 grams of glucose served as the reference food.
The blood glucose responses were used to calculate the area under the blood glucose curve (AUC) to determine the GI of the meal. The percentage of carbohydrate in the meal multiplied by the glycaemic index was equal to the glycaemic load. The glycaemic index in Type II diabetics and healthy subjects were found to be 49 and 35 respectively.
Researchers found the glycaemic load of Acha meal to be 17.5 for control groups and 24.5 in Type II diabetic subjects. Thus, they arrived at the conclusion that the GI of Acha meal is low in both Type II diabetics and healthy subjects. The glycaemic load (GL) of the Acha (D exilis) meal is just enough for control and high for the Type II diabetic subjects.
Though they found the GI of the Acha meal to be low, the scientists explained further that the GL was high for Type II diabetics, noting that despite the consumption of Acha by Type II diabetics, their blood glucose could not be controlled because they regularly consume it in their homes more than the portion size served in the research. Therefore, they advised diabetics to adjust the quantity of Acha (D. exilis) meal they consume to the proportion served in the study for effective result.
Descriptions of Fonio
Another research published in the Journal of Food Science and Technology and titled: “Developments on the cereal grains Digitaria exilis (acha) and Digitaria iburua (iburu)”, revealed various definitions of Acha as submitted at international summits.
Attempting to define Digitaria exilis, they classified it as whole grain. According to them, “Wholegrain is defined as intact and/or processed (e.g., de-hulled, cleaned, ground, cracked, flaked or the like) grains, where the fractions endosperm, bran and germ are present in the same proportion as found in the least processed traditional forms of the edible grain kernel of the same species.”
Another definition says that “whole grains shall consist of the intact, ground, cracked or flaked caryopsis, whose principal anatomical components—the starchy endosperm, germ and bran—are present in the same relative proportions as they exist in the intact caryopsis” – which well describes Fonio.
Prior to this time, information about Fonio had been scanty in the country, with the exception of the northern areas, where the grain is being cultivated. Another reason for the nonavailability of data about Fonio was due to neglect, as some Europeans spread misleading information about it.
During an interview at the just concluded International Trade Fair, held at the TBS, Lagos, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Kebbi State, Malam Mohammad Lawal, revealed that Acha can grow and mature within the period of three months, adding however that it is best produced during the raining season and can be produced under irrigation.
He further explained that Fonio can be prepared in a variety of ways, including white rice and stew, jollof rice, tuwo and pap, noting that it will only take 30 minutes to make it ready for consumption.
Lawal also mentioned the reason for the “hungry rice” name, saying it arose from misconception that it is only consumed by people who could not get or afford the more common variants of rice.
According to him, “Many of the health issues we have in Nigeria can actually be resolved with the abundance of natural foods God has blessed us with in this country. Overdependence on foreign foods won’t help us; rather, it will cause more problems than good”, he quipped.
The permanent secretary, who noted that Kebbi State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources was willing to sign a mutual agreement with the Lagos State government, disclosed that the Kebbi government would ship more of the packaged Fonio rice to Lagos, once the terms of agreement were determined.
Nutritional facts of Fonio
According to a public Health nutritionist at the Department of Health Promotion and Education, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Dr Emmanuel Oyewole, like other cereals, Fonio is rich in carbohydrate which makes it a good energy-giving food.
Oyewole stated that Fonio can be closely compared to sorghum, adding that its grains also supply the human body with good amount of Vitamin B and minerals, like calcium, iron and phosphorus.
“It offers the body good amount of amino acids, because nearly 10 per cent of the cereal by weight comprises of protein,” he said.
The nutritionist further explained that Fonio’s protein profile suggests that it offers a spectrum of essential amino acids. When compared to the amino acid profile of eggs, it showed that while eggs offer more lysine compared to Fonio, Fonio is superior in other amino acids like isoleucine, valine, tryptophan, theronine, phenylalanine, leucien, cystine and mentionine.
When compared with other cereals, he noted that Fonio is rich in sulphur-containing amino acids – methionine and cystine. “All these make fonio a nutritious cereal. In the book, Lost Crops of Africa: Grains, by the National Research Council, it is mentioned that the proteins in the grain are not easily extractable but are easier to digest, compared to other millets. Fonio does not contain any glutenin or gliadin proteins. In other words, it is gluten free”, he stated.
Health benefits of Fonio
Dr Oyewole, through his various studies on Fonio, has compiled the following health benefits, as corroborated by other findings.
Fonio is good for diabetes
Fonio has been long used as a diabetic food. Fonio has low glycemic index. It is absorbed in the body slowly and, thus, its effect on blood sugar is gradual. Fonio is also believed to have insulin-secreting properties, as well as aiding in controlling blood sugar levels in the body.
Early lab studies also suggested benefits of Fonio in diabetes due to its low GI compared to other daily foods. Fonio also provides the body with minerals, chromium and sulphur-containing amino acids which are believed to reduce inflammation and diabetes.
Fonio aids cardiovascular function
Fonio has small seeds and is generally consumed in dehusked but whole form. Research suggests that consuming whole grain reduces risk of cardiovascular disorders, including heart diseases and stroke. The barn and germ of fonio are rich in vitamins, minerals and other nutrients which help to keep our heart healthy.
Fonio is Gluten free
Many people today suffer from Celiac disease. This is due to the intolerance of their body system towards gluten. The only way to treat this disease is to avoid gluten food. Most of the energy food we eat, including wheat, corn etc., contain gluten. Fonio offers a good alternative of gluten-free energy food to people.
Fonio aids digestion
Fonio is easier to digest and is recommended for children and elderly people. It has ample amount of fibres which are required to keep the digestive tract smooth. It helps in bowel movements and prevents constipation. Fonio is believed to stimulate appetite and secretion of digestive juices. In some parts of Africa, Fonio is offered as food to people suffering from stomach problems.
Fonio as energy food
Fonio has been used as a staple food to meet the daily energy requirement of many communities. It offers 3.6 calories per gram of grain, which is comparable to other cereals. Still, it is easy to digest and does not sharply increase blood sugar levels. It is becoming popular as a breakfast cereal in Europe, as it is filling and easier to cook.
References:
Journal of Food Science and Technology 2011 Jun; 48(3): 251–259
Developments on the cereal grains Digitaria exilis (acha) and Digitaria iburua (iburu)
African Journals Online titled: “Nutritional and Health Benefits of Acha (Digitaria exilis) in the Human Diet – A Review”
Researchgate.net:”Glycaemic Index and Load of Acha in Healthy and Diabetic Subjects”
2019 provides all of us with the opportunity of a fresh start. It is an avenue to reflect and take stock of our decisions, choices and actions in the past year, as well as make new commitments to improve our well-being in this new year.
Below are 10 questions you need to give sincere answers to that will help you achieve amazing results in 2019.
What lie am I telling myself? It is easy for us to give excuses for not getting results. What excuses have you been giving yourself in the past? Stop telling yourself that you are not good enough, smart enough or beautiful enough. You need to face the truth and the truth is that you are blessed and highly favoured, despite your current circumstances.
What limitations am I imposing on my life? Is there any limit you have imposed on your income, lifestyle and expectations in life? As spiritual beings we have no limits except the ones we impose on ourselves. We can achieve anything, do anything, have anything and become anything we set our minds at. Believe in yourself. There is no limit to what you can achieve.
What knowledge do I need to acquire and apply? Knowledge is the foundation of success and happiness. What new insights, awareness and clarity do you need to move to the next level in your career, business, relationship, health and happiness? Make a commitment to acquire new knowledge this year and, more importantly, take action or your new knowledge.
What skills do I need to upgrade? Skill is the on-going application of knowledge. What present skill-set of yours do you need to work on to become world class? Do you need to improve your sales, marketing, negotiation, communication or interpersonal skill? Take action everyday to significantly improve your competencies.
What attitude do I need to develop? To make 2019 amazing, you need to display the right attitude towards life at all times. Attitude is everything. Do you need to develop the attitude of time management, punctuality, discipline, patience, perseverance, determination or resilience? Highlight three key attitudes you need to develop in order to achieve your desired outcomes this year and start working on them on a daily basis.
What are the three books I must read? Instead of reading dozens of books this year, can you just identify three books you will study meticulously? Digest all the principles and practices in these books and act on them. Readers are leaders. For you to influence people positively you need to be informed, updated and enlightened.
Who are the top three people I must surround myself with? For you to achieve your goals and plans this year, you need to identify the top three people you need to surround yourself with. These 3 people must be leaders that will inspire, encourage and challenge you not to give up on your plans, despite the challenges that you will encounter during the pursuit of your goals in 2019.
How can I raise my standard? How can you demand excellence from yourself? In what areas have you settled for less than your best in the past? Are you really giving your best in what you do? Are there ways you can raise your standard of living? You must decide in 2019 to give your best at all times and enjoy the best because you deserve only the best.
How can I conquer my fears and doubts? To make 2019 one of the best years ever in your life you need to overcome your fears and doubts. You need to take massive action on your goals and be totally convinced that everything will work out in your best interest at the end of the day. The antidote to fear and doubt is action. Act, despite your fears or doubts this year.
How can I be in charge of my own happiness? Happiness is your birthright. You need to take personal responsibility for how you feel and protect your happiness. Don’t allow people and circumstances prevent you from enjoying every moment of this year. You are in charge of your happiness. Take responsibility for it now.
I sincerely believe giving sincere answers to the above questions can open your mind to new ways of thinking and doing things in 2019. Remember, to the problems of our lives we are the solutions and to the questions of our lives we are the answers. Have a blissful, peaceful and successful 2019.
ACTION PLAN: Answer the above 10 questions on a sheet of paper. Review your answers three times. Take action on your new discovery and decision. You will succeed.
AFFIRMATION: 2019 is my year of massive success. I am blessed and highly favoured.
The inauguration of the 22nd President of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) Pharm.(Mazi) Sam Ohuabunwa and the investiture ceremony of new Fellows, held yesterday at the Transcorp Hilton Hotel, Abuja, was graced by dignitaries from within and outside the country.
Photographs below captured some of the faces at the memorable ceremony-
Following the confirmation of at least 60 cases of Lassa fever, the Federal Government has raised the alarm and activated emergency response centres.
The government’s action signals the official declaration of the outbreak of the disease.
The Director-General of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Dr Chikwe Ihekweazu, said in a statement that there had been an increase in cases across the country since the beginning of 2019.
“As at 13 January 2019, a total of 60 confirmed cases have been reported in eight states.”
Epidemiological data show that the trend usually occurs during the dry season – between January and April.
“Given this increase in reported cases of Lassa fever, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has declared this an outbreak and activated an Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) to coordinate the response.”
The national EOC is comprised of representatives from the World Health Organisation (WHO), Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Federal Ministry of Environment, US Centres for Disease Control, as well as other partners.
He explained that NCDC has been providing support to states, including the provision of emergency supplies and deployment of Rapid Response Teams (RRT).
The RRTs, he said, would work with states in “response coordination, contact tracing, case management, risk communication, as well as strengthening infection prevention and control practices’’.
“Since the Lassa fever outbreak in 2018, NCDC has worked with states to ensure better preparedness and improved response,” he stated.
“In the last one year, guidelines have been revised, new data management tools have been developed and the laboratory network has been strengthened.
“Additionally, risk communications have been strengthened through radio, posters, flyers and social media. A national research plan has been developed, to enable its full integration into the outbreak response to gain a better understanding of the disease.”
Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness, transmitted to humans through contact with food or household items contaminated by infected rodents.
Person-to-person transmission can also occur, particularly in a hospital environment in the absence of adequate infection control measures.
Healthcare workers in health facilities are particularly at risk of contracting the disease, especially where infection prevention and control procedures are not strictly adhered to.
He advised Nigerians to focus on prevention by practicing good personal hygiene and proper environmental sanitation.
He also advocated effective measures which include storing grain and other foodstuffs in rodent-proof containers, disposing of garbage far from the home, maintaining clean households, and other measures to discourage rodents from entering homes.
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“Healthcare workers are again reminded that Lassa fever presents initially like any other disease-causing febrile illness such as malaria, and are advised to practice standard precautions at all times, and to maintain a high index of suspicion.”
“Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) must be applied to all suspected cases of malaria. When the RDT is negative, other causes of febrile illness including Lassa fever should be considered. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment increase the chances of survival.”
The management and entire staff of Pharmanews Ltd., warmly congratulate Pharm. (Mazi) Sam Ohuabunwa, on the occasion of his inauguration as the president of the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN), coming up on Thursday 24 January 2019, at the Congress Hall, Transcorp Hilton Hotel, Abuja.
We also extend our greetings to the new Fellows to be decorated at the inauguration ceremony, while wishing the PSN President, a very successful tenure with great achievement.
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Pawpaw is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya (family Caricaceae). The papaya is a large, tree-like plant, with a single stem growing from 5 to 10 m (16 to 33 ft) tall, with spirally arranged leaves confined to the top of the trunk. It is locally called “Ibepe”, “Okworo-gbogbo” and “Gwanda” in Yoruba, Ibo and Hausa, respectively.
Constituents
Pawpaw is a rich source of phyto-nutrients (alkaloids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds). It contains Vitamins A, C, B (folic acid, pyridoxine, riboflavin, and thiamin), protein, carbohydrate, minerals (calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron and manganese) and soluble dietary fibre. Pawpaw also contains the enzymes papain and chymopapain.
Pharmacological actions and medicinal uses
Pawpaw fruit serves as both food and medicine. Scientists and traditional healers all over the world have agreed that pawpaw is known to be effective as a natural remedy for syphilis, gonorrhea, kidney and bladder problems, dysentery, jaundice, stomach ulcer, skin diseases and constipation. It has also been used in the treatment of chronic otitis media.
Scientists claim that the enzymes papain and chymopapain found in pawpaw are responsible for protein digestion in chronic dyspepsia, gastritis, easing menstrual cramps, and regulating and easing flow during menstrual periods. Researchers reported in the West Indian Medical Journal that extracts of pawpaw seeds inhibit many disease-causing germs such as E coli, suggesting that it could be useful in treating chronic skin ulcers to promote healing.
Some human studies have shown that papaya leaf extracts were able to demonstrate glucose-lowering effect by enhancing insulin sensitivity, decreasing diabetes complications and accelerating wound healing.
Fresh, green papaya leaf is used as an antiseptic, while the brown, dried leaves are used as tonic and blood purifier.
Researchers at the College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University in Nigeria said that dried pawpaw seeds can effectively flush out worms from the body without significant side-effects.
Studies have confirmed that a chemical within the pawpaw — acetogenin — including its seeds, has been found to be effective in suppressing some allergic disorders, as well as colon, breast, lung, leukemia and prostate cancer. The alkaloid compounds, carpaine, pseudocarpaine and dehydrocarpaine, demonstrate chemo-preventive effects.
A clinical trial in Phytomedicine found a home-made shampoo containing pawpaw extracts to be effective against lice infestation. Pawpaw has also been found to have antimalarial, laxative, antispasmodic, analgesic, glucose-lowering and antibacterial properties. The phenolic compounds exhibit potent antioxidant effect. The peel and the pulp are used for producing cosmetics or as a local remedy for rejuvenating damaged skin and for tackling skin diseases such as dry skin due to its vitamin A and vitamin E content.
Preparations
The ripe fruit is eaten raw. The tender papaya leaves are cooked and consumed, similar to spinach. The best way to consume the papaya leaves is in the form of tea.
Papaya leaf extracts are available in the market as capsules, tea leaves and in powder form. Many studies have shown that fermented papaya extracts are more beneficial due to their enhanced antioxidant and immune-boosting effects.
Adverse effects
Eating pawpaw seeds can greatly reduce sperm production. It may cause dermatitis.
The high concentration of latex in raw pawpaw can cause uterine contractions and might lead to abortions.
Economic values and potentials
Pawpaw is a source of income for farmers who cultivate it. It might cost as much as ₦5000 per 500 seeds. Planting pawpaw on two plots of land may yield up to two million naira yearly. It is an important raw material for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
The newly elected chairperson of the Association of Hospital and Administrative Pharmacists of Nigeria (AHAPN) Lagos State branch, Pharm. Titilayo Onedo, has revealed the objectives of her administration for the association.
Onedo, who spoke with Pharmanews, shortly after the handing over ceremony of the association, listed the goals of her administration to include: resolution of conflicts with the medical doctors; collaboration with pharmacists in other areas of specialisation; capacity building; and sourcing of funds for project execution.
Said Onedo: “We are going to collaborate more, even with the industrial pharmacists, we are going to liaise on how to resolve issues with the medics, and how to tackle the myriads of challenges facing the association.
“We are going to focus on capacity building, and this needs funding, although the commitment is there, and I know that the industry is willing to partner with associations like ours, but funding is key.”
Onedo, who also expressed her gratitude to God and to all members of the association for the opportunity to serve, explained that she and her team were ready to work with all members for the progression of the group.
Asked about her disposition towards her new position, she said, “I actually feel excited about the election; at the same time, I feel challenged because I know the position requires a lot of work.
“However, my team and I are equally ready to take up the challenge. Moreover, members of the association have given us their words to be committed to the objectives of the association to work with us,” she quipped.
The election of the new executives, conducted on 13 December 2018, had all the positions contested for unopposed, except that of the treasurer. The occasion also witnessed the launch of the maiden edition of the Lagos AHAPN Bulletin.
On her own part, the outgoing chairperson of the association, Pharm. (Mrs) Folashade Kotun, expressed joy in having a competent successor, while also demonstrating confidence in the ability of the new executives to deliver the needed progress for the association.
“I am confident that starting from January 2019, when I look back at this association, I will be filled with joy because I know they will perform their duties very well”, she enthused.
Speaking on the challenges encountered during her tenure, she said the major one was getting pharmacists both in hospital and administrative settings to be actively involved in the activities of the association.
According to her, to resolve this, the association embarked on a massive campaign to reorient the concerned pharmacists.
She further urged the new executives to continue from where she stopped by intensifying efforts to reach out to pharmacists in the private sector and also encourage more active participation from those in the industry.
The new Lagos State AHAPN executives are: Pharm. Titilayo Onedo, chairperson; Pharm. O.S. Ojuoko, vice chairman; Pharm. T.O. Ajibola, secretary; Pharm. T.A. Asen, assistant secretary; Pharm. Temitope Akinboro, treasurer; Pharm. Kehinde Oyinlade, financial secretary; Pharm. CTA Ugwu, publicity secretary; Pharm. Zainab Alabi, welfare officer; Pharm. C.N. Mbanugo, unofficial member; K.K. Ekwunife, unofficial member; and Folashade Kotun, immediate past chairman.
To ensure the continued success of their businesses, while providing quality services and delivering affordable care that is improving the lives of patients, community pharmacists in the country must adapt to the evolution of the practice from mere dispensing and compounding drugs to patient-centered and outcome-oriented care.
This was the submission of experts and scholars in the pharmaceutical industry, at the 2018 Lagos ACPN’s Pharmacists Continuing Education Conference, held last December at NECA House, Ikeja, Lagos.
Those who spoke at the event included Pharm. (Mazi) Sam Ohuabunwa, president, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN); Prof. Bolajoko Aina, dean, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos (UNILAG); Prof. (Mrs) Cecilia Igwilo, distinguished professor of Pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, UNILAG; and Pharm. Samuel Adekola, national chairman, Association of Community Pharmacists of Nigeria (ACPN).
According to the keynote speaker, Prof. Aina, the education conference was timely and apt, as knowledge gained would not only help community pharmacists to keep their businesses afloat, but also help them to make real changes in their practice pattern as they devise new revenue streams beyond dispensing medications.
The university don, who delivered the paper, “Evolving Pharmacy Practice: Tool to Sustenance of Economic Recovery and Growth”, said that to survive, community pharmacists must be willing to acknowledge the rapidly occurring changes in healthcare delivery and accept the reality that the changes will continue, noting that the traditional roles and activities are no longer of much value.
According to her, Pharmacy is moving from being prescription-focused to being patient-focused; so the practitioners must change their mindset beyond just filling prescriptions and move on to a patient-centered view, where they are looking at all of the patient’s needs when they fill prescriptions.
Speaking in the same vein, Prof. (Mrs) Cecilia Igwilo, who was the chairman of the occasion, noted that for pharmacists to survive in today’s world, they must be willing to accept the reality that Pharmacy is evolving and that the activities and practice of yesteryears are diminishing.
She added further that the role of the pharmacist in community pharmacy is changing from a focus on preparation, dispensing and sale of medications to one in which the pharmacist assists the public to get the best possible result from medications through patient education, physician consultation and patient monitoring.
In his goodwill message at the programme, Pharm. (Mazi) Sam Ohuabunwa, commended the Lagos State ACPN for the choice of theme for the programme, saying it was very much in consonance with the vision of his administration for Pharmacy.
Said Ohuabunwa: “I am proud of ACPN, Lagos State, and its leadership; and I appreciate them for coming up with this laudable annual programme. It is a good avenue to upgrade the knowledge of community pharmacists so that they can remain leaders in the pharmaceutical business.”
Also, the duo of Registrar, Pharmacists Council of Nigeria, (PCN), Pharm. N.A.E Mohammed; and National Chairman, ACPN, Pharm. Samuel Adekola, noted that the continuing education conference organised annually by Lagos ACPN has been consistent over the years because of the importance that the association places on knowledge and effective service delivery.
In an earlier address, Chairman of ACPN Lagos, Pharm. Olabanji Benedict Obideyi, said the continuing education conference was designed to ensure members of the association were not left out in the scheme of things, even as the world keeps developing every day.
He also noted that the theme of the conference was timely, considering the wave of disruption being experienced in pharmaceutical practice, with community pharmacy considered the most affected.
If you want things to happen in your life, you need to be committed. With commitment, you can change your life. You can change your relationships, health, business and so on. When you love your work, you get committed to it. The passion you have for your work will get you committed. Commitment will stretch you to explore your potentials and achieve greater things.
Your road to success is through commitment. You may be interested in a project and do it when it is convenient. But being interested does not mean you are committed. If you are merely interested, you give excuses or reasons for non-performance. You tell stories to explain your failure or inability. But if you are really committed, you do it whether convenient or not.
Two things must be borne in mind. Are you focusing on results of activities or focusing on reasons for not taking the necessary actions and achieving the desired results? Only results count; reasons and excuses do not.
It is important to be committed in order to be productive and successful. When you do that, you discover certain things about yourself which you did not know. You discover your strengths and gifts which had remained latent. If you know that what you want to do is right and beneficial to you and other people, tackle it with confidence and ignore opposition, discouragements and distractions.
Just give yourself some justifiable reasons for doing what you want to do. Such reasons will energise and motivate you. Good reasons for doing certain things will inspire and spur you to action.
For the past 45 years, I have consistently attended the PSN annual conferences in various state capitals. It has not at all been easy or convenient for me every year, but because of my commitment, I have overcome the distractions by other conflicting activities during the conference period. I dedicate that period and give it priority among other important engagements.
I have always committed to writing books every year, despite the fact that sometimes I feel like skipping a year. It is the same spirit that has kept Pharmanews going every month for the past 39 years. Usually, I like to commit to things that shape my life and take me to my destiny. I invest my time, treasures and values on such activities.
Some people are not committed to their work. Their work is just a means of earning their salary. They go to work to receive more than they are giving. They may go late and leave early. They use the office time to do some private things and spend their time chatting on social media. Such staff are not committed to their work and they are the ones to be fired because of low productivity.
Usually a good percentage of workers are in this category. A Gallup pool shows that only 13 per cent of workers are psychologically attached to their work. 24 per cent are actively disengaged. They are the ones who can work against their company’s goals and policies. In fact, they can bring the company down. 63 per cent are not engaged. They are only going through daily motions and not concerned with their input or results of their efforts.
D. Jakes has said, “Without commitment, nothing happens.” You cannot achieve your targets or goals if you are not committed to them. Your goals just turn to mere New Year resolutions which do not last more than a few months. “Commitment leads to actions. Action brings your dream closer,” said Marcia Wielder.
People look up to leaders who are sure of where they want to go and want to do. They are committed to their plans for success. In the same way, leaders look up to committed followers for their input and help. They know they can depend on them at all times. Followers who are not committed can let down their leaders at any time.
I love how Jesus painted the picture of commitment to the Kingdom of God. In Mark 9:47-48, He says, “If your eye causes you to sin, pluck it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye, rather than having two eyes, to be cast into hell fire, where there worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.” There can be no commitment without a sacrifice or form of loss. You must give up something vital or essential. Those who are not prepared for that cannot achieve any great thing.